aback	"taken aback" us-films; "to take aback" us-agjan, us-gaisjan, wv. 1.; "to be taken aback" af-slauthnan, wv. 4., us-geisnan, wv. 4., bi-abrjan, wv. 1.
abandon (n.)	(carelessness, recklessness) *leiht-modei, wf.
abandon (v.)	(leave, desert) bi-leithan, sv. I. +dat. or +acc. - "abandoned me on my own" bilaith mis ainamma; (leave, desert, divorce) af-letan, sv. VII. +acc. (also = forgive +dat. of person forgiven, +acc. of misdeed; also = give up +acc. of gift, +dat. of recipient); (put aside) af-lagjan, wv. 1.; (deny, disown) af-aikan, sv. VII.; (forget, overlook, neglect) ufar-munnon, wv. 2. +dat.
abase	(humiliate) haunjan, ga-haunjan, wv. 1.; (lower, humiliate) hnaiwjan, wv. 1.; (subjugate) uf-hnaiwjan, wv. 1.; "he abased/subjugated them all under himself" ufhnaiwida uf ina tho alla; "he subjugated/placed [them] under his feet" ufhnaiwida uf fotuns imma.
abasement	hnaiweins, sf.
abate	af-linnan, wv. 3.; (of wind/storm, become quiet/silent) ana-silan, wv. 3.; (cease) sweiban, sv. I., hweilan, ga-hweilan, wv. 3., andjan, ga-andjan, wv. 1.; "cause to abate, alleviate" •linthjan, wv. 1.
aberrance	in-winditha, sf.
aberrant	in-winds.
abhorrent	anda-sets (i-stem).
abide	(ENDURE) ga-beidan, sv. I. +acc., thulan, ga-thulan, us-thulan, wv. 3.; (CONTINUE) thairh-wisan, fram-wairthis wisan, sv. V.; (REMAIN, be, exist) wisan, irreg. - "they abide to this day, are still here/alive" sind und hita; (DWELL, REMAIN, continue to exist/be, stay) wisan, sv. V. - "he abideth faithful, he stays true" jains triggws wisith; (stay, end up staying a certain way) ga-wisan, sv. V. "he remained dumb" gawas dumbs; (remain in a condition, come to a halt, stay, stand firm/still, persist) ga-standan, sv. VI.; (DWELL) bauan, wv. 3., saljan, wv. 1.; (stay behind) af-lifnan, wv. 4, bi-leiban, sv. I.; "abide/stay with" mith-ga-wisan, sv. V.
able	(able, mighty, possible) mahteigs; "able to" mahteigs wisan, irreg. + inf.
ability	(power, deed exemplifying power such as a miracle) mahts, sf; "according to one's ability" bi mahtai; "beyond one's ability" ufar maht (cf. 2Cor 8,3).
ablution	ufar-ranneins, sf.
abode	bauains, sf.
abolish	blauthjan, wv. 1.
abort	(reject, throw out, ?MISCARRY) us-wairpan, sv. III. +dat. or +acc.; (TRANS., bring to a HALT) •stadjan, wv. 1.; (hamper, delay) latjan, ana-latjan, wv. 1.; (forbid, block, restrain, prevent) warjan, wv. 1.; (INTR., CEASE) (cease) sweiban, sv. I.; (end, finish, be done) andjan, ga-andjan, wv. 1.; (pause, cease) hweilan, ga-hweilan, wv. 3.
abortion	(miscarriage, reject) us-waurpa, sf.
abound	(overflow, be plentiful) ufar-fulljan, wv. 1.; (grow in number, abound) managnan, wv. 4.; "abound in" ga-nohnan, wv. 4.
about	(IN SPACE: near, around + ABSTRACT: about, concerning) bi +acc.; "written about" ga-melith bi +acc.; "talk about" bi-rodjan bi +acc.; "tell all about" gateihan all bi +acc.; "with a leather belt about his waist" gairda filleina bi hup seinana; (regarding) bi +dat.; (adv. 'round about' in space) bi-sunjane, bi-sitands; "the land round about" (surrounding countryside) thata bi-sunjane land; (approximately) swe; "at about the ninth hour" bi hweila niundon.
above	(prep.) ufar +dat., ufaro +dat.; "be superior/above" ufar-wisan, irreg.; "grow up above/higher" ufar-steigan, sv. I. (not recorded with object); (adv.) iupa, ufaro; "from above" iupana, iupathro; (above an amount, beyond/except) ufar +acc. - "there being nothing above/beyond those five loaves" at ni wisandin aljai waihtai ufar thans fimf hlaibans; "above all, especially" this-hun, us-sindo.
abrogate	(abolish) blauthjan, wv. 1.
absent	(from home) af-haimeis; (away, apart) sundro; (elsewhere) aljar.
absolutely	(utterly) all-andjo; (truly) bi sunjai, mith sunjai, sunjaba; (fully, perfectly) fulla-; (totally, very) ala-; (certainly) triggwaba; (exactly) glaggwo; (in all respects) bi all, in allamma; (in all respects, at all, therefore) allis; "absolutely not" (not at all) ni allis, (God forbid, may it not be) nis-sijai; "yes, absolutely" jai.
absolution	(forgiveness of sins, cancelling of debts) af-lageins, sf.; (cleansing) swikneins, sf.
absolve	af-letan, sv. VII. +dat. of person forgiven, acc. of sin - "we absolve those who are in debt to us" weis afletam thaim skulaim unsaraim (also = leave, desert, divorce +acc.; also = give up +acc. of gift, +dat. of recipient).
abstain	"abstain from" af-haban sik af, wv. 3. +dat.; ga-tharban, wv. 3. gen.; (fast) fastan, wv. 3.
abstemious	ga-thaurbs.
abstinence	(fasting) fastubni, sn.
abstinent	ga-thaurbs; (fasting, starving) laus-qithrs.
abundance	manag-duths, sf. (gen. manag-duthais), ufarassus, sm., ufar-fullei, wf.; (abundance, multitude) filusna, sf.; (plumpness, abundance) digrei, wf.; "in abundance" ufarassau; "be in abundance" managnan, wv. 4.
abundant	(plentiful) ga-nohs; (numerous) manags; (very abundant, enough and to spare) ufar-fulls; "be/become abundant" managnan, wv. 4.
abundantly	(greatly, with plenty to spare) afarassau.
abuse (n.)	(verbal abuse) ana-qiss, sf., naiteins, sf.; (harm, injury lit./fig.) skathis, sn.; (crime) *wai-deths, sf. (gen. wai-dedais).
abuse (v.)	(PERSON) (ill-treat, shame, make ashamed) aiwiskon, ga-aiwiskon, wv. 2.; (verbally abuse) lauan, sv. VII. +dat., ga-naitjan, wv. 1.; (curse/insult) fra-qithan, sv. V.; (victimise, slander) holon, wv. 2.; (beat) bliggwan, sv. III.; (torture) balwjan, wv. 1.; (THING) !missa-brukjan, wv. I. - !missa-bruhta, !missa-bruhts.
abusive	(harmful) skathuls; (argumentative) sakuls; (insolent, quarrelsome) *us-balths, *thrasa-balths.
abyss	af-grunditha, sf.
accept	(receive, accept) and-niman, sv. IV.; "accept appology/excuse for refusing invitation" ainana faur-qithanana haban - "please accept my appologies for declining" (male speaker) habai mik faur-qithanana, (female speaker) habai mik faur-qithana.
acceptable	(pleasant, pleasing) anda-nems (i-stem) - "quite acceptable" waila anda-nems.
acceptance	anda-nem, sn., anda-numts, sf.
accepting (adj.)	(receptive, holding firm) anda-nemeigs.
access (n.)	at-gagg, sn.
accessible	*at-gahts.
accidental	(inadvertant, unwitting) un-faur-weis.
accomodation	•bairgo, wf.; (inn, camp) •harja-bairgo, wf.
accompany	(come with) mith-qiman, sv. IV. +dat.; (go with) mith-gaggan, sv. VII. - mith-iddja, mith-gaggans +dat.; (stand by, be with in support) mith-wisan, sv. V. +dat.
accomplish	ga-taujan, wv. 1.; (fulfil) fulljan, us-fulljan, wv. 1. gen.; "to be accomplished/completed, come to pass" us-fullnan, wv. 4. - "when the days of his service were completed" bithe unfullnodedun dagos andbahteis is; (finish, perform, perfect, lead/drive up/out) us-tiuhan, sv. II.; (support, accomplish) •frumjan, wv. 1.; "accomplish victory" ga-jiukan, wv. 3.
accomplishment	(fulfilment) us-fulleins, sf.; (completion, perfection, consumation) us-tauhts, sf.
accord (n.)	(concensus) ga-qiss, sama-qiss, sf.; (an agreement/covenant) trausti, sn., triggwa, wf.; (unanimity) aina-munditha.; (complete agreement/trust) alla-werei, wf.; "in accord/agreement" sama-frathjis, sama-saiwals, ga-qiss - "with" +dat.; "by agreement, by common accord" us gaqissai; "of your own accord" af thus silbin - "do you say that of your own accord, or do others say it to you?" ab-u thus silbin thu thata qithis, thau antharai thus qethun?
accord (v.)	(agree, conform) ga-qithan, mith-qithan, sv. V.; (provide, furnish) und-redan, sv. VII. +acc. for thing supplied.
accordance	"in accordance with his will" bi jainis wiljin; "in accordance with what they have done" bi waurstwam ize.
according to	afar +dat., bi +dat.; "according to the argument of Sabellius" bi Sabailliaus insahtai; "according to his will" bi jainis wiljin; "according to order/rank/sequence" ga-hahjo; "according/appropriate to, in keeping with what they have done" bi waurstwam ize.
account (n.)	(number/amount, verbal account) rathjo, wf. - "will give an account of himself to God" fram sis rathjon usgibith guda; "take into account" and-tilon, wv. 2. - "taking into account their naivity" andtilonds ize niuklahein; "ON ACCOUNT OF" (for) faura +dat.; (because of) in +gen.; (through, by means of) thairh +acc.; "on that account" du-the; "PUT IT ON MY ACCOUNT" thata mis rahnei.
accumulation	thraihn, sn.; (of wealth) faihu-thraihn, sn.
accurate	(precise, meticulous) *glaggwus; (straight, right) raihts; (true) sunjis, suneins.
accurately	glaggwo - "you know perfectly accurately that..." glaggwo wituth thatei...; (meticulously: of search/retelling) glaggwuba, glaggwaba; (namely, actually) raihtis; (rightly, correctly) raihtaba; (truly, factually) sunjaba.
accursed	fra-qithans.
accusation	wrohs, sf., us-qiss, sf.; (grounds for) fairina, sf.
accuse	wrohjan, fra-wrohjan, wv. 1., and-beitan, sv. I. +acc., fairinon, wv. 2.; (threaten) hwotjan, wv. 1.; (argue with, rebuke) ga-sakan, sv. VI. +dat. or +acc. - "charge/accuse s-one with/of, rebuke s-one for/over" ga-sakan hwana bi +acc.; "who among you accuses me of sin" hwas izwara gasakith mik bi frawaurht.
accustomed	bi-uhts.
ache (n.)	(pain) sair, sn.
ache (v.)	(suffer physically or mentally) winnan, sv. III.; (ache/yearn for) gairnjan, wv. 1. gen.
achieve	•laiston, wv. 2.; (perform, do, make) ga-taujan, ga-waurkjan, wv. 1. - ga-waurhta, ga-waurhts; (finish, perform, perfect, lead/drive up/out) us-tiuhan, sv. II.; (reach, attain, arrive at) ga-tilon, wv. 2. +acc., ga-sniwan bi/du, sv. V. (bi +acc. / du +dat.); "achieve victory" ga-jiukan, wv. 3.
aching	(pain) sair, sn.; (craving/lust) winno, wf., winna, sf.
acknowledge	uf-kunnan, (present as wv. 3., past as pret.pres.: uf-kuntha, just occasionally weak: uf-kunnaida); (honour, praise, confess) and-haitan, sv VII. +dat.
acme	hauhisti sn.
acqisitiveness	faihu-frikei, wf.; (covetousness) bi-faiho, wf.
acquaint	(make known) ga-kannjan, wv. 1.
acquaintance	(an acqaintance) kuntha, wm., *kuntho, wf.
acquire	ga-staldan, sv. VII., ga-aiginon, wv. 2., ga-geigan, wv. 3.; (catch/net, trap, catch out) ga-niutan, sv. II.; (attain, reach) ga-tilon, wv. 2. +acc., ga-sniwan bi/du, sv. V. (bi +acc., du +dat.); (get, inherit, learn, bring along, take aside) ga-niman, sv. IV.; (acquire by effort) fair-waurkjan, wv. 1. - fair-waurhta, fair-waurhts; (wealth) ga-faihon, wv. 2.; (knowledge) ga-kunnan, wv. 3.; "acquire by lot, be allotted" *hliutan, sv. II.
acquisitive	aglait-ga-stalds.
acrimonious	(argumentative) sakuls; (insolent, quarrelsome) *us-balths, *thrasa-balths.
acrimony	(discord) twis-stass, missa-qiss, sf.; (strife) brakja, haifsts, sf., sakjo, waihjo, wf.; (insolence, bickering) us-balthei, thrasa-balthei, wf.; (a dispute/accusation against) fairina withra +acc.; "verbal battle" waurda-jiuka, sf.; (debate, gossip, backbiting) bi-rodeins, sf.
act (n.)	*deths, sf., ga-deths, sf. (gen. -dedais), waurstw, taui, sn.
act (v.)	"act like" (resemble, imitate) ga-leikon, wv. 2.
action	(acting, excecution of action) waurstwei; (an act) *deths, sf., ga-deths, sf. (gen. -dedais), waurstw, taui, sn.
active	(diligent, energetic) us-dauths (us-daudis, gen.); (active, brave) #amals.
actual	(pure, genuine) pistikeins; (true) sunjis, sunjeins.
actually	(however, admittedly, indeed) swe-thauh; (in fact, indeed, for instance, on the one hand, you see) raihtis; (at all) allis; "or rather" maizuh than; "on the contrary" thata anda-neitho, thata withra-wairtho; "no, on the contrary, actually, he deludes the crowd" ne, ak airzeith tho managein; "not?...on the contrary, actually yes" ibai...raihtis (Rom 10,18).
acuity	(wisdom) frodei, snutrei, handugei, wf.; (reason, discresion) ga-frathjei, wf.
adapt	(conform/adjust to) and-tilon, wv. 2.; (change) maidjan, in-maidjan, wv. 1.
add	(increase) ana-aukan, bi-aukan, sv. VII.; "add to" ana-aukan ana +acc.; "increase our faith" biauk uns galaubein (acc. of thing added to, dat. of owner); "add by way of argument" ana-in-sakan, sv. VI.; "they added nothing new, made no fresh suggestions to me" ana-in-sokun mis ni waiht.
adder	nadrs, sm.
adequate	ga-nohs, bi-nauhts; "enough and to spare, exceedingly" bi ufarassau.
adhere	ga-haftnan, wv. 4. ("to" = dat.).
adjure	bi-swaran, sv. VI.
adjust	(adapt/conform to) and-tilon, wv. 2.; (change) maidjan, in-maidjan, wv. 1.
administration	faura-gaggi, sn.
admit	(profess, confess, acknowledge) and-haitan, sv. VII. +dat.
admittedly	(however, indeed) swe-thauh.
adoption	ga-deda, frasti-sibja, sf.
adorn	•at-taujan, wv. 1.; (dress fancily) fetjan, wv. 1.
adult (adj.)	(grown up) us-wahsans; (old, fully grown) altheis.
adulterer	hors, sm.
adulterous	*horinonds.
adultery	horinassus, kalkinassus, sm.; "commit adultery with" *kalkinon, horinon, ga-horinon, wv. 2. +dat.
adultress	horinondei, wf.
advance (n.)	fram-gahts, sf.; (improvement) iusila, sf.; "go in advance, precede" faur-sniwan, sv. V. - "she anointed my body in advance for burial" faursnau salbon leik mein du usfilha; "overtake, go in advance of" faur-bi-gaggan, sv. VII. - iddja, gaggans; "tell in advance, foretell" faura-ga-teihan, sv. I.; "prepare in advance" faura-manwjan, wv. 1.; "too far in advance, ahead of time, prematurely" faur mel.
advance (v.)	(go forward) *frumath gaggan, sv. VII., *fram-gaggan - iddja, gaggans; (approach) ana-qiman, sv. IV. +acc., at-haban sik, wv. 3., nehwjan sik, at-nehwjan, wv. 1., ana-gaggan, sv. VII. - ana-iddja, ana-gaggans.; (improve) *iusilon, wv. 2.
advantage	bota, sf.; "to be of advantage" botjan, sv. I.; "get advantage/possession of" ga-aiginon, wv. 2.; "take advantage of the opportunity of..." lew niman thairh... +acc.; "take advantage of" (deceive) us-luton, wv. 2., (con/defraud/extort) bi-faihon, af-holon, wv. 2.
advent	(coming, arrival) qums, sm. (i-stem).
adversary	anda-stathjis, sm.; (legal opponent) anda-staua, wm.
adversarial	sakuls.
advise	(advise, prescribe) ga-raginon, wv. 2.; (advise, consider, plan) *redan, sv. VII.
advisedly	(meticulously/carefully, accurately) glaggwaba, glaggwuba; (properly, decently, commendably) ga-redaba; (warily, cautiously, slyly) *waraba; (wisely) frodaba; (deliberately, intentionally) faur-weis.
advocate (v.)	(lawyer) witoda-fasteis, sm.
advocate (n.)	(an argument/view) in-sakan, us-sakan, sv. VI.
aeon	(era) era, sf.; (vast era, eternity, an age/generation) aiws, sm. (acc.pl. aiwins, dat.pl. aiwam).
afar	"from afar" fairrathro.
affable	liuba-leiks.
affair	(thing, matter) waihts, sf. (usually, but acc.pl. waihts also found, Sk 2,c).
affection	(love) frijathwa, friathwa, sf.; (breast, bosom, fig.: affection) brusts, f.
afflict	(illness, demons, etc.) ana-haban, wv. 3.
affliction	(pressure) threihsl, sn.; (suffering) wunns, sf.; (pain, grief) sair, sn.; (wound, plague) wundufni, sn.; (difficulty, distress) aggwitha, aglitha, sf., aglo, wf.; (disease, trouble) *thruts, f.
afraid	faurhts; "be afraid!" ogs!; "TO BE AFRAID" faurhtjan, wv. 1., and-sitan, sv. V., ogan, ogan sis (pp.) - og, ogum, ohta; "they were afraid to ask him" ohtedun ina fraihnan; (shocked, surprised) us-geisnan, af-slauthnan, wv. 4., bi-abrjan, wv. 1.; "MAKE AFRAID" us-agjan, us-gaisjan, wv. 1.
African	(a Moor, an African man) #Maura.
after	(CONJ.) afar that-ei; (ADV. afterwards, after that) tha-throh; (PREP.) (AFTER IN TIME) afar +acc.; "after two days" afar twans dagans; "after a little while" afar leitil; "not long after" afar ni filu; "ever after, from then/now on" fram-wigis; (AFTER IN SPACE) afar +dat.; "they followed after him" laistidedun afar imma; (ABSTACT: ACCORDING TO, in accorance with) bi +dat., afar +dat.
aftermost	aftumists.
after-sabbath	afar-sabbatus, sm. - "on the first day of the week" this dagis afar-sabbate.
afterwards	(adv.) bi-the, bi-theh, tha-throh.
again	aftra; "and I say again" jah aftra qitha; "make well/right again, mend/heal" aftra ga-botjan, aftra ga-satjan, wv. 1.
against	(POSITION or DIRECTION: against, towards, alongside) withra +acc.; "fight against" brakjan withra +acc.; "testify against" weitwodjan ana +acc.; "crash against" bi-stigqan bi +dat.
age (n.)	(of person) *aldr, sn.; "old-age" alduma, wm.; (oldness of things, outmodedness) fairnitha, sf.; (the age, generation) alds, sf. - "this current age/generation" so nu alds; (era) era, sf.; (aeon, vast era, eternity, particular age/generation) aiws, sm. (acc.pl. aiwins, dat.pl. aiwam); "for she was twelve years of age" was auk jere twalibe.
age (v.)	(to grow old) us-althan, sv. VII.
agent	(spy, scout) •spaiha, wm.; (ambusher, agent provocateur) ferja, wm.
aghast	"to be aghast" us-geisnan, wv. 4.; "to make aghast" us-gaisjan, wv. 1.
agitate (v.)	(frighten, unsettle) thlahsjan, ogjan, us-agjan, wv. 1.; (irritate, irk, tire) us-agljan, af-dojan, wv. 1.; (physically shake) wagjan, wv. 1.; (stir up, excite) us-wagjan, wv. 1.; (stir up, excite, move emotionally) in-wagjan, wv. 1.; (disturb, stir up trouble) drobjan, wv. 1.; (torment) balwjan, wv. 1.; (trouble, frustrate, constrict) ga-aggwjan, wv. 1.
agitated, to be(come)	ga-drobnan, in-drobnan, wv. 4.; (to worry) maurnan, wv. 3.
ago	faur +acc.
agony	(agony/suffering, endurance/tolerance) thulains, sf.
agree	(accord, conform) ga-qithan, mith-qithan, sv. V.
agreeable	(pleasant) anda-nems (i-stem); (sweet, pleasurable) wotheis; (gentle, pleasant) •lintheis; (kind) *mildeis, sels (i-stem); (suitable) fagrs; (of life: peaceful) sutis (i-stem); (easy, carefree) azets.
agreeing (adj.)	(in agreement) sama-frathjis, sama-saiwals, ga-qiss - "with" +dat.
agreement	(an agreement/covenant) trausti, sn., triggwa, wf.; (concensus) ga-qiss, sama-qiss, sf.; (unanimity) aina-munditha; (complete agreement/trust) alla-werei, wf.; "in agreement" sama-frathjis, sama-saiwals, ga-qiss - "with" +dat.; "by agreement" us gaqissai.
agrieve	gaurjan, wv. 1.
agricultural land	thaurp, sn.
ahead	faur; (go ahead, go first) faur-sniwan, sv. V.; (precede, go on ahead of, overtake) faur-bi-gaggan, sv. VII. - iddja, gaggans +acc.; "run on ahead" bi-thragjan faur, wv. 1.; "ahead of time, prematurely" faur mel.
aid (n.)	(supplies, aid, support) and-stald, sn.; (alms/charity, mercy) arma-hairtitha, sf., armaio, wf.; (lifting of burden, help paying debts) un-kaureins, sf.; (help) *hilpa, sf.; (protection) #munda, sf.; (shelter) •bairgo, wf.; (support) #stutja, sf.; (mediation) *midumons, sf.; (intercession) liteins, sf.
aid (v.)	hilpan, sv. III. gen., nithan sv. V. +acc.; (protect, help) hleibjan, wv. 1. +dat.; (support) #stutjan, wv. 1.; (be of use, be any good) botjan, wv. 1.; (be of use, be good for) dugan pp. - daug, dugum, dauhta.
aim (n.)	(goal, target) mundrei, wf.; (end, purpose) andeis, sm.; "with this aim, for this purpose" and thana laist (cf. Sk 5,a Marchard translation, but others have "following this" - & cf. Sk 2,d).
aim (v.)	(seek, try) sokjan, wv. 1.; (endeavour) us-daudjan, wv. 1.; (work towards) bi-arbaidjan, wv. 1.; (intend) munan, wv. 3.; (pay attention to, aim towards) mundon, wv. 2. +acc.
air	luftus, sm.
akin	sama-kuns (i-stem).
alabaster flask	ababastraun, sn.
alarm (v.)	us-agjan, us-gaisjan, wv. 1.
alchemist	lubja-leis, sm.
alchemy	(knowledge of drugs/poisons) lubja-leisei, wf.
alder	•aliza, sf.
alert (adj.)	(wary) *war; (wakeful, watchful, alert) wakrs, un-skaus.
alertness	(wariness, slyness) warei, wf.; (sobriety) in-ahei, wf.
alien	(foreign, strange, unnatural to one) alja-kuns (i-stem); (foreign, of other people) framaths (i-stem, gen. framathis).
alienate	framathjan, wv. 1.
alight (adv.)	"set alight" in-brannjan, tandjan, in-tandjan, wv.
alight (v.)	(disembark) at-steigan, sv. I.
alignment	(order, sequence, array: correct alignment) tewa, sf.; (bias) wilja-halthei, wf.
alike	ga-leiks, sama-leiks.
alive	qius.
alive, to be made	ga-qiunan, wv. 4.
alive, to make	ana-qiujan, wv. 1., ga-qiujan, wv. 1.
all	(all, every) alls; "however THIS IS NOT ALL, but even/also" ath-than ni that-ain ak jah...; "ALL [TOGETHER]" alakjo (adv.); "all, all together, every one" samana (adv.); "FIRST OF ALL" frumist, frumist allis; "IN ALL WAYS" bi all, in allamma, allis; "AT ALL" allis; "not at all" ni allis, ni the haldis, ni und waiht, ni waihtai, ni in waihtai, ni...waihts; "ALL THE TIME, night and day" naht jah daga; "tell me ALL ABOUT" gateihan all bi +acc.; "BY any/ALL MEANS, somehow, in any/every way" hweh; "ALL THE MORE" filaus mais, und filu mais.
allegedly	(supposedly) *ana-mindiba.
allegiance	"under alliegiance to, bound by oath to" uf-aitheis +dat.
allegorical	alja-leikoths.
allegorically	(using metaphors) in fri-sahtai; (using parables) in ga-jukom.
allegory	ga-juko, wf.
alleviate	(debts, burdon) *un-kaurjan, wv. 1.; (soothe) •linthjan, wv. 1.
alleviation	(of burden, alleviation of debts) un-kaureins, sf.; (soothing) •lintheins, sf.
alliance	trausti, sn.; "allied by oaths" uf-aitheis.
allodium	(freeholding, non-feudal estate) #alauths, sm. (gen. #alaudis).
allot	(share out) dailjan, dis-dailjan, fra-dailjan, wv. 1.; (appoint, fix, determine, set in order) raidjan, wv. 1.; (sort, place in order) ga-tewjan, wv. 1.
allotment	(share, portion) hlauts, sm.
allotted	"appointed, fixed" ga-raiths (gen. ga-raidis) - "that which has been fixed/allotted for you" thatei garaid izwis; "be allotted, get, come by" *hliutan, sv. II.; "it was allotted to him, he was chosen by lot" hlauts imma urrann.
allow	letan ei +subj., fra-letan, sv. VII. +acc. or +dat. +inf., us-laubjan, wv. 1. (dat. for person permitted).
allowance	(share, portion) hlauts, sm.; "make allowance for" and-tilon, wv. 2.
allowed	"it is allowed" bi-nah, skuld ist.
Almighty, the	All-waldands, m.
almost	(ADV. near, nigh, close by) nehw; (ADV., CJ. near, near to) nehwa +dat.; "almost not, hardly" *halis; "almost never, hardly ever" halis-aiw; "almost here, near at hand" in-wisan, irreg.
alms	arma-hairtitha, sf., armaio, wf.
alone	(single, only) ains; (apart) sundro; (only, simply) thatainei, thatain; "except God alone" alja ains guth; "not...but only" ni alja; "by divine authority alone" waldufnja thatainei gudiskamma; "left me alone, on my own" bilaith mis ainamma.
along	and +acc., faur +acc.; "along that way" and thata; "along/together with" mith +dat.; "along with, in the same place" samana; "along, to the same place" samath.
a lot	"many" manags; "much, very" filu; "much, well, very, indeed" waila.
aloof	"hold back/aloof, refrain" ga-haban sik, wv. 3. - "from" af +dat.
already	ju, ju-than, faura ju.
alright	(suitable) fagrs, tils, wairths, ga-tils, ga-dofs (i-stem, gen. ga-dobis), wairths; (well, healthy) hails; (well, healthy, fine, okay, good) waila; (strong, sound) swinths; "it is fitting" ga-qimith; "is it alright/permitted for a man to divorce his wife?" skuldu sijai mann qen afsatjan?; (rhetorical) "fine!/well!" waila!; "or, alright, in that case..." aiththau waila thau...; "both will be alright, both survive, both avoid destruction" bajothum bairgada (impersonal passive of bairgan, sv. III. +dat., cf. ON e-m er borgit).
also	jah; "however not only this, but also/even" ath-than ni that-ain ak jah...; "and also" nauhuth-than; "at the same time" bijands; "and at the same time" bijandz-uth-than.
altar	hunsla-staths, sm. (i-stem, gen. -stadis).
alter	"change, exchange" maidjan, in-maidjan, wv. 1.; "be changed" in-maidjan sik, wv. 1.; "become, be altered into" wairthan, sv. III. - "that sorrow of yours will turn to joy" so saurga izwara du fahedai wairthith.
alteration	(change, exchange, difference) in-maideins, sf.
alternatively	aiththau.
although	(even though) thauh-jabai; "and although X...yet Y" jah thauh-jabai X...akei Y (with postposition of verb in Skeireins).
altogether	(in all respects) bi all, in allamma; "I am altogether deprived" allamma gasleithiths im; (in all respects, at all, therefore) allis; (truly) bi sunjai, mith sunjai, sunjaba; (completely, perfectly) fulla-; (totally, very) ala-; (utterly) all-andjo; (every one, all of them/us/you) alakjo.
always	(constantly, CONTINUALLY) sinteino; "as always, as ever, according to the regular practice" swa-swe sinteino; (INCESSANTLY) un-hweilo; (FOR EVER) in aiwins, du aiwa, du aiwam; (from then/now on, EVER AFTER) fram-wigis.
am	im.
amass	huhjan, huzdjan, wv. 1.
amaze	(startle, shock, disturb) us-gaisjan, us-agjan, wv. 1.
amazed	us-films; "to be amazed" (marvel) silda-leikjan, wv. 1.; (be amazed, stunned, astonished, shaken) af-slauthnan, wv. 4., bi-abrjan, wv. 1., us-geisnan, wv. 4. "at" ana +dat.
amazement	us-filmei, wf., *silda-leikeins, sf.
amazing	(miraculous) silda-leiks; (splendid) wulthags.
ambassador	(emissary, messanger) airus, sm.; (mediator) mitonds, sm.
amber	#gles, sn. (gen. #glezis).
ambush	bi-qiman, sv. III. +acc.; dis-driusan, sv. II. +acc.
ambusher	(ambusher, agent provocateur) ferja, wm.; (spy, scout) •spaiha, wm.
ameliorate	*iusilon, wv. 2.
amelioration	iusila, sf.
amen	amen.
amiable	liuba-leiks.
amicable	waila hugjands.
amid, amidst	(AMONG) (BEING in, among) in +dat.; (COMING among, into) in +acc.; (beyond, behind, over, among) hindar +acc. or +dat.; (with) mith +dat.; (BETWEEN, IN THE MIDST OF) in midumai, ana midumai gen.
amiss	"to go amiss" fra-rinnan, sv. III.
among	(BEING in, among) in +dat., ana +dat.; "among you" in izwis; "many martyrs among the Gothic people" ana gutthiudai managize martyre; "disagreement arose among them" missaqiss warth mith im; (COMING among, into) in +acc.; "fell among thorns" gadraus in thaurnuns; (beyond, behind, over, among) hindar +acc. or +dat. - "there's no more than five loaves among us" nist hindar uns maizo fimf hlaibam; (with) mith +dat.
amount (n.)	(measure, bushel) mitaths, f. (gen. pl. mitade), mitadjo, wf., mela, wm.; (quantity, heap) thraihn, sn.; (number, account) rathjo, wf.
ample	ga-nohs.
amputate	(cut off, prune, castrate) us-maitan, sv. VII.
amputate	af-maitan, sv. VII.
amuse	uf-hlohjan, wv. 1.
analogy	(image, example) fri-sahts, sf.; (parable) ga-juko, wf.; "by analogy, allegorically, metaphorically" alja-leikoths, in fri-sahtai, in ga-jukom.
anathema	anathaima (indeclinable).
ancestor	airiza, #ana, wm.; (father, forefather) atta, wm.
ancestry	fadreins, sf.
ancient	(of person: elderly, advanced in years) fram-aldrs; "more ancient/elderly" fram-aldroza; (of thing) fairneis.
and	(1. ALL PURPOSE: AND, also) jah; "and so forth, and so on" jah laibos, ktl. (=Gk. kai ta loipa 'and the remainder'); (2. SOMETIMES IN REPORTED DIALOGUE: AND, BUT) ith; "and she said" ith si qath; (3. SOMETIMES JOINING TWO VERBS WITH SAME SUBJECT) -(u)h (enclitic particle - i.e. joined to end of the second verb, or its prefix if there is one. Note: This particle has other uses besides 'and'); "go and tell" gaggith qithiduh; "come and eat" hindarleith an-uh-kumbei; "and boarding the ship, they crossed over the sea" jah usstigun in skip, iddjedunuh ufar marein; (4. OFTEN IN REPORTED DIALOGUE, ESPECIALLY BEFORE A SIGNIFICANT POINT OR SOMEONE HAVING THE 'LAST WORD', ADDS SLIGHT EMPHASIS: ith + -uh; "and he said" ith is qathuh; "and Jesus lifted up his eyes and said" ith Iesus uz-uh-hof augona iup jah qath.
angel	aggilus, sm. (sg. = u-stem; n.pl. aggiljus x3, aggileis x1; acc.pl. aggiluns; gen.pl. aggile; dat.pl. aggilum).
anger (n.)	moths, sm. (gen. modis), thwairhei, wf.; (hate, wrath) hatis, sn. (gen. *hatizis); (hate, envy, anger) neith, sn. (gen. neithis); (rage, ferocity) •grimmitha, sf.; (contention, strife, fight) jiuka, sf.
anger (v.)	gramjan, in-gramjan, wv. 1.; "provoke to anger" gramjan du thwairhein, briggan in thwairhein, sv. III. - brahta, brahts.
angry	modags, thwairhs, *grams; (to be angry) hatizon, wv. 2., neiwan, sv. I.; "make angry" gramjan, in-gramjan, wv. 1. - "provoke to anger" gramjan du thwairhein, briggan in thwairhein, sv. III. - brahta, brahts.
anguish	(distress, hardship) aggwitha, sf, aglitha, sf, aglo, wf.; (suffering) wunns, sf.; (mental or physical pain) sair, sn.; (torment, torture) balweins, sf.
animal	dius, sn. (gen. diuzis).
animate	(bring to life) ga-qiujan, wv. 1.
annihilate	fra-qistjan, us-qistjan, wv. 1., us-qiman, sv. IV. (All dat. or acc.).
annihilate	us-qistjan, wv. 1., ga-tairan, sv. IV.
annihilation	qisteins, sf.
annotation	(marginal gloss, meaning, importance) wulthrs, sf.
announce	(tell, reveal) ga-teihan, sv. I.; (divulge, spread word) us-qithan, sv. V.
announcer	(herald, retainer) #sagja, wm.
annoy	(irritate) us-agljan, af-dojan, wv. 1.; (crush in spirit) us-grudjan, wv. 1.; (anger, provoke) gramjan, in-gramjan, wv. 1.; "provoke to anger" gramjan du thwairhein; (offend) ga-sleithjan, wv. 1.; (injure, offend) ga-skathjan, sv. VI. +dat. - "in any way" hwa; (hinder, annoy) marzjan, ga-marzjan, wv. 1.; (agrieve) gaurjan, wv. 1.
annoyed	(stressed, worn out) af-dauiths; (cross) thwairhs.
annul	blauthjan, wv. 1.
anoint	salbon, ga-salbon, wv. 2.
another	aljis; "in another direction" aljath.
answer (n.)	anda-hafts, sf., anda-waurdi, sn.
answer (v.)	and-hafjan, sv. VI +dat., and-waurdjan, wv. 1.; "he did not answer any of the things he said" ni andhof imma withra ainhun waurde.
ant	•emaitja, sf., •miurjo, wf. (Crim. miera).
antagonise	(provoke) gramjan, in-gramjan, wv. 1.; "provoke to anger" gramjan du thwairhein; (offend) ga-sleithjan, wv. 1.; (agrieve, offend) gaurjan, wv. 1.
antagonism	(strife) brakja, haifsts, sf., sakjo, waihjo, wf.; (insolence, bickering) us-balthei, thrasa-balthei, wf.; (unwillingness) un-werei, wf.; (reluctance, suspicion) *tuz-werei, wf.; (nastiness, deceit) •bausei, wf.; (unkindness, wickedness) un-selei, wf.; (hate) fijathwa, fiathwa, sf., hatis, sn., (gen. *hatizis); (hate, envy, anger) neith, sn. (gen. neithis).
antagonist	(adversary) anda-stathjis, sm.
antagonistic	(opposed, hostile) anda-neiths (gen. -neithis); (hostile, hating) hatands; (belligerant, quarrelsome) sakuls; (insolent, quarrelsome) *us-balths, *thrasa-balths; (opposed, unwilling) un-wers; (reluctant, suspicious) *tuz-wers; "be reluctant, dubious" tuz-werjan, wv. 1.; (nasty) •bauseis; (wicked, unkind) un-sels (i-stem); (unfriendly, uncanny, demonic) *un-hulths; (implacable) un-hunslags.
anticipate	(expect, hope for) wenjan, wv. 1.; (come before) faur-sniwan, sv. V.
antiquated	fairneis.
anxiety	kara, sf.
anxious (adj.)	*karja, w.adj.; "not anxious/concerned, uninterested, negligent" un-karja; "BE ANXIOUS" maurnan, wv. 3., karon, wv. 2.; "don't worry about that, never mind" ni karos; "care about, be anxious about" kara wisan sik; "be/become agitated" drobnan, ga-drobnan, wv. 4.
any	hwa (+gen.); "any...at all" allis; "lest at any time" ibai hwan; "by any means, somehow" hwaiwa; "anyhow/somehow, by some/any means" hwe, hweh; "hweh thateinei wairthaba aiwaggeljons Xristaus usmitaith" only in any/every way behave worthily of Christ's gospel; "there wasn't any room for them" ni was im rumis.
anyone	hwas; "not anyone, nobody" ni ains-hun, ni hwas-hun, ni manna-hun, ni ains-hun leike; "there is not anyone who becometh just" ni wairthith garaihts ainshun leike.
anything	(anything, something, what) hwa.
anytime	hwan; "if at some/any time..." jabai hwan...
anyway	"in some/any way, by some means" hwaiwa; "so anyway..." thannu nu; "who is he anyway?" hwas thannu sa sijai?; (besides, also, and) jah; (moreover, indeed, however) swe-thauh; (changing the topic, indtroducing parenthetical note: now, well, anyway) -uh than, -uth-than (attached to first word or verbal prefix).
anywhere	(wherever, anywhere/everywhere) hwaruh; "wherever...there" hwaruh...thar-ei; (wherever, whenever) this-hwaruh thei; (wherever to) thad-ei, this-hwaduh thad-ei.
apart	(away, in private) sundro; "apart from" (except, over/beyond) ufar +acc.; (without, except) inu, inuh +acc.; (except for) alja; "anything apart from" hwa aljis +dat.
apathetic	"become apathetic" in un-lustau wairthan, sv. III.
apathy	un-lustus, sm.
ape (v.)	(resemble, imitate) ga-leikon, wv. 2.
apostle	apaustaulus, apaustulus, sm. (nom. pl. -eis, gen. -e, acc. -uns, -ans).
apparel	wasti, ga-feteins, ga-waseins, ga-skadweins, sf.; wastjos, sf.pl.; (booty, clothing) •rauba, sf.; (jacket, tunic, shirt) paida, sf.; (cloak, robe, coat) snaga, wm.
apparently	"superficially, by external appearances" bi siunai.
apparition	(sight, appearance) siuns, sf., *bairhteins, sf.
appeal (n.)	(request) aihtrons, sf.; (prayer, request) bida, sf.; (complaint, plaint, demand) *aihtr, sn.; (entreaty) uf-bloteins, sf.; (intercession) liteins, sf.; (invitation) *latha, sf.; lathons, sf.
appeal (v.)	(ask, pray) bidjan, sv. V. (acc. of person asked, gen. of thing desired) "ask if, appeal [to s-one] to let" bidjan ei +subj.; (beg) aihtron, wv. 2.; (implore) bidai ana-haitan, sv. VII.; (implore, adjure) bi-swaran, sv. VI.
appear	(show oneself to, appear before/to - NATURALLY OR SUPERNATURALLY) at-augjan sik, wv. 1. (+dat.); (appear AS A VISION to) in siunai wairthan, sv. III. +dat.; "there appeared to him then the angel of the Lord" warth than imma in siunai aggilus fraujins; "there appeared to them Isiah with Moses" ataugiths warth im Helias mith Mose: (SUDDLENLY APPEAR) "and suddenly there appeared with the angel..." jah anaks warth mith thamma aggilau...; (SEEM) thugkjan, wv. 1. - thuhta, thuhts; (appear to be) "I see people, who LOOK LIKE walking trees" gasaihwa mans thatei swe bagmans gasaihwa gaggands; (ARISE) ur-reisan, sv. I. - "no prophet will appear from Galilee" praupfetus us Galeilaia ni urreisith; (FORM (intr.) as image) ga-fri-sahtnan, wv. 4.
appearance	(form, aspect) hiwi, sn., farw, sn.?; (shape, physical proportions) laudi, sf.; (likeness) ga-leiki, sn.; (semblance, conscience) thuhtus, sm.; (revelation) ga-bairhteins, sf.; (appearance, persuasion) ga-kunths, sf.; (sight, appearance, vision) siuns, sf. - "superficially, by external appearances" bi siunai.
apple	•aplus, sm. (Some alternate forms which have been proposed: apls, apuls, sm., apli, sn.; Crim. apel).
apply	(refer to) thairh-ga-leikon, wv. 2.
appoint	(appoint to position, ordain) ga-raidjan, wv. 1. +dat. for appointee; (place, put, establish) ga-satjan; (make) ga-waurkjan, wv. 1. - ga-waurhta, ga-waurhts.
appointed	ga-raiths (gen. ga-raidis).
appologia	(justification) sunjons, sf.
apportion	(share out) dailjan, dis-dailjan, fra-dailjan, wv. 1.; (share/mete/measure out) ga-mitan, sv. V.
apposite	(fitting, suitable, appropriate) tils, ga-tils.
apprehend	(capture) ga-fahan, sv. VII.; (understand, perceive) frathjan, sv. VI. +dat.
approach (n.)	(way of doing) haidus, sm.; (manner of life, way of behaving) us-met, sn.; (access, way towards) at-gagg, sn.
approach (v.)	ana-qiman, sv. IV. +acc., at-haban sik du +dat., wv. 3., nehwjan sik, at-nehwjan, wv. 1., ana-gaggan, at-gaggan nehw +acc., du-at-gaggan, sv. VII. - -iddja, -gaggans. +dat.
approachable	(accessible) *at-gahts.
appropriate (adj.)	ga-dofs (i-stem, gen. ga-dobis), tils, ga-tils, fagrs, wairths, *ga-tems (i-stem); "be appropriate for" ga-timan, sv. IV. +dat., du thauftai fair-rinnan, sv. III.; "appropriate/fitting to what they have done" bi waurstwam ize.
appropriately	ga-temiba, ga-tilaba, wairthaba; (properly, decently) ga-redaba.
appropriateness	(worthiness, suitability, importance) wairthida, sf.
approval	(liking, preference) leikains, sf.
approve	ga-kiusan, sv. II.
approved	(tested & proved) *ga-kusans.
approximately	swe.
Arabia	Arabia, sf.
arbour	(bower, arcade, covered walkway, shelter, booth, hut) •laubjo, wf. (cf. MnE lobby, lodge, NHG Laube, It loggia, Late L laubia/lobium).
arcade	(portico) ubizwa, sf.; (arbour, shelter, arcade, covered walkway, booth, hut) •laubjo, wf. (cf. MnE lobby, lodge, NHG Laube, It loggia, Late L laubia/lobium).
archangel	arkaggilus, sm.
arduous	aglus.
arduously	agluba.
are	(they) sind; (we) sijum; (the two of us) siju; (you, sg.) is; (you pl.) sijuth; (the two of you) sijuts.
area	gawi, sn. (inhabitants) gaujans, wm.pl.; (region, side) fera, sf.
arguable	*soks.
arguably	*sahtaba.
argue	(debate, dispute, tell off) sakan, sv. VI. (dat. for person argued with or told off); (scold, rebuke) ga-sakan, sv. VI. +dat. or +acc.; (state, claim) in-sakan, us-sakan, sv. VI.; (argue, discuss reasonably, dispute, question with, seek, desire, try) sokjan, wv. 1. - "argue with" sokjan du/mith; (quarrel) brikan, sv. IV.; (argue, dispute, compete) and-rinnan, sv. III. - "with" mith +dat.; "discuss/reason together" sokjan samana.
arguer	sokareis, sm.
argument	(view) in-sahts, sf.; (debate, gossip) bi-rodeins, sf.; (quarrel, dispute) sakjo, waihjo, us-balthei, wf.; (a dispute against) fairina withra +acc.; (discord) twis-stass, missa-qiss, sf.; "verbal battle" waurda-jiuka, sf.; (uproar, outcry, shouting) hrops, sm.; "make an argument/claim" in-sakan, sv. VI.; "make a new argument, added something new" ana-in-sakan, sv. VI.
argumentative	sakuls; (impertinent, quarrelsome) *thrasa-balths, *us-balths.
arise	(rise up, arise, appear) ur-reisan, sv. I.; (imperative) "arise!" kumei! (
ark	(box, Noah's ark) arka, sf.
arm	arms, sm. (i-stem).
armour	brunjo, wf.; (arms, war-gear) sarwa, sn.pl.
arms	(weapons) wepna, sn.pl.; (war-gear, armour + personal weapons) sarwa, sn.pl.
army	harjis, sm.; (band of troops) drauhts, sf., hansa, sf.; (host, people, nation at arms) fulk, sn.
aroma	dauns, sf.
around	(IN SPACE/TIME) (prep.) bi +acc.; "with a leather belt around his waist" gairda filleina bi hup seinana; "through all the land around it" and all gawi bi-sitande bi ina; (adv., adj.) bi-sunjane; (adj.) bi-sitands; (APPROXIMATELY) swe; "around the ninth hour" bi hweila niundon.
arouse	(to life) ana-qiujan, wv. 1.; (WAKE UP someone) us-wakjan, wv. 1.; (bring round, bring to one's senses) us-skaujan, wv. 1.; (be roused from sleep) ga-waknan, wv. 4.; (TO ANGER, provoke) gramjan, in-gramjan, wv. 1.; (arouse discord, unsettle, disturb) drobjan, wv. 1.; (move, stir, arouse feeling) wagjan, wv. 1.; "be aroused to pity" in-wagjan sik, in-rauhtjan, wv. 1.; "be aroused to compassion" in-feinan, wv. 4.
arrange	(arrange in order) ga-tewjan, wv. 1.; (appoint, determine, organise) ga-raidjan, wv. 1.
arranged	(arranged, appointed, determined) ga-raiths (gen. ga-raidis); (ready) manwus; (ordered) *ga-tass.
array (n.)	(order, alignment) tewa, sf.
arrival	qums, sm. (i-stem).
arrive	qiman, sv. IV.; (attain, arrive at) ga-tilon, wv. 2. +acc., ga-sniwan bi/du, sv. V. (bi +acc., du +dat.).
arrogance	(pride) hauh-hairtei, wf.; (vanity) uf-swalleins, sf.; (insolence, bickering, cheek) us-balthei, wf.; (cheek, impertinence) thrasa-balthei, wf.
arrogant	hauh-hairts, hauh-thuhts, mikil-thuhts; (foolhardy, brash) un-tila-malsks; (bold, impertinent) *balths, *thrasa-balths.
arrow	arhwazna, sf.
articulate (v.)	(express) fair-haitan, sv. VII.; "express thanks" thagk fair-haitan, sv. VII.; "claim, argue, articulate the argument/opinion" in-sakan, us-sakan, sv. VI.; (show) augjan, at-augjan, wv. 1., bairhtjan, ga-bairhtjan, wv I.; (divulge) us-qithan, wv. V.; (tell) ga-teihan, sv. I.; (tell, make manifest) ga-swi-kunthjan, wv. 1.; (demonstrate, indicate, signify) us-taiknjan, wv. 1.
artist	(smith) smitha, wm.; *handugja, wm. (cf. Russ. khudozhnik).
as	(LIKE) swe; "AS...AS" swa...swe; "white as snow" hweits swe snaiws; "he became as one dead" warth swe dauths; "as I said before" swe ju fauraqath; "in the same way as" sama-leiko swe; "AS THOUGH sitting down to a great meal" swe at mikilamma nahtamata anakumbjandans; "SUCH AS" swa-leiks swe; "AS MUCH" swa filu +gen.; "AS MUCH AS" swa filu swe; "AS MANY AS" swa managai swe; "AS GREAT" swa-lauths (gen. swa-laudis); "AS LONG AS" swa-lauth melis swe; "AS SOON AS" bi-the, suns-ei; "JUST AS, in exactly the same was as" swa-swe; "JUST AS...SO TOO" swa-swe...swah, swa-swe...swa jah; "AS FOR, as to, regarding" bi +dat.; (FOR, BECAUSE) auk (Usually placed after first word of sentence); (SINCE, GIVEN THAT) thande; "as/WHILE he was speaking..." nauhthan imma rodjandin...; (WHEN) swe; "AS IT GREW LATE" swe seithu warth; (USED AS, FOR) "as/for manure" du maihstau; "AS AN EXAMPLE" du fri-sahtai; (being, to be, ACTING AS: noun in apposition) - "to give his life as a ransom for many" giban saiwala seina faur managans lun.
ascend	steigan, us-steigan, sv. I.; "he climbed a fig tree" usstaig ana smakkabagm.
ash	(FROM FIRE) azgo, wf.; (flying ash, smuts) falwiska, sf.; (ASH TREE) #asks, #aska-bagms, sm.
ashamed	"be/feel ashamed" skaman sik, wv. 3. "of" +gen.; "so that we felt ashamed to even be alive" swaswe skamaidedeima uns jah liban; "I am ashamed to say" bi unswerithai qitha; "make ashamed, humiliate" ga-haunjan, wv. 1.; "make ashamed, treat shamefully" aiwiskon, ga-aiwiskon, wv. 2.
ask	(FOR SOMETHING, ask s-one to do s-thing) bidjan, sv. V. (acc. of person asked, gen. of thing desired) - "if you ask me for anything" jabai hwis mik bidjaith; "ask s-one to" bidjan hwana ei +subj., qithan hwana ei +subj.; (ASK, DEMAND) •aiskon, wv. 2.; (IMPLORE) us-daudo bidjan, sv. V.; (BEG) aihtron, wv. 2.; (ask as QUESTION) fraihnan, ga-fraihnan, sv. V. (gen. of thing, acc. of person asked, past: frah, frehum, fraihans) - "what do you ask me?" hwis mik fraihnis; "ask about" fraihnan bi +acc.; (ask, ask about, test/examine) fragan, sv. VI.
aspect	(regard/respect, side, half) halba, sf. - "in this aspect/regard" in thizai halbai; (form, appearance) hiwi, sn., farw, sn.?; (shape, physical proportions) laudi, sf.
aspen	#aspa, sf., #aspa-bagms, sm.
aspersions	"cast aspersions" ubil-waurdjan, wv. 1.
asphyxiate	af-hwapjan, wv. 1.
ass	asilus, sm., sf.
assemble	(INTR. "come together") ga-gaggan, ga-gaggan sik, sv. VII. - -iddja, -gaggans; ga-lisan sik, sv. V., ga-qiman, sv. IV.; (TRANS.) (gather, collect) lisan, sv. V.; (heap up, hoard) huhjan, wv. 1., rikan, sv. V.; (hoard) huzdjan, wv. 1.; (REFLEXIVE: fit together) ga-ga-tilon, wv. 2.
assembly	ga-qumths, ga-faurds, sf.; (community, assembled community, all those present) ga-mainths, sf.
assenter	ga-qissa, sm.
assess	(reckon, rate, evaluate) rahnjan, wv. 1.; (work out, think through) thankjan, wv. 1.
assessment	(opinion, reckoning, verdict) ragin, sn.
assist	(help) hilpan, sv. III. gen., nithan sv. V. +acc.; (protect) hleibjan, wv. 1. +dat.; (support) #stutjan, wv. 1.; (be of use, be any good) botjan, wv. 1., dugan, pp. - daug, dugum, dauhta.
assistance	(help) *hilpa, sf.; (support) #stutja, sf.; (protection) #munda, sf.; (shelter) •bairgo, wf.; (alms/charity, mercy) arma-hairtitha, sf., armaio, wf.; (lifting of burden, assistance paying debts) un-kaureins, sf.; (supplies, aid, support) and-stald, sn.; (mediation) *midumons, sf.; (intercession) liteins, sf.
associate	(mix) blandan, sv. VII.
assuage	•linthjan, wv. 1.
assume	(imagine) ahjan, wv. 1.
assumption	(surmise) ana-minds, sf.
assuredly	triggwaba.
astonished	us-films; "to be stonished" (marvel) silda-leikjan, wv. 1.; (be stunned, astonished, shaken) af-slauthnan, wv. 4., bi-abrjan, wv. 1., us-geisnan, wv. 4. - "at" ana +dat.
astonishment	faurhtei, wf.
astray	airzeis; "to lead astray" airzjan, af-airzjan, wv. 1.; "to go astray" airzeis wisan, irreg., airzeis wairthan, sv. III, fra-lusnan, wv. 4.
asunder	(asunder, apart, alone, in private) sundro; "to put asunder, part, spit" skaidan, sv. VII. +dat.; "break asunder" (trans.) dis-hniupan, sv. II., ga-tairan, sv. IV.; "break asunder" (intr.) = "to be broken asunder" dis-hnupnan, wv. 4.
at	(at a point in SPACE) at +acc.; (at a point in TIME) at +acc. or +dat.; (during the time of) and +acc.; "at sunrise" at urrinnandin sunnin; "at [the time of] the festival" at dulth; (e.g. spit/THROW AT) ana +acc.; "at my table" ana biuda meinamma; "LOOK AT" in-saihwan du, sv. III. +dat.; (AGAINST) withra +acc.; "at all" allis; "not at all" ni allis, ni the haldis, ni und waiht, ni waihtai, ni in waihtai, ni...waihts; "at once" anaks, suns, suns-aiw; "at about the ninth hour" bi hweila niundon; "at last" bi spedistin.
atonement	#sona, sf.
atrium	(inner courtyard) rohsns, sf.
attach	ga-haftjan, wv. 1.; (reflexive) "be attached together, stick/join together" ga-ga-haftjan - "the whole body fits and joins together" all leik gagatiloth jah gagahaftith; "attach oneself to [in capacity of servant/swineherd]" ga-haftjan sik, wv. 1. (dat. of what is attached to, i.e. the employer); "stick to, be attached to [e.g. dirt stuck to shoe]" ga-haftnan, wv. 4. +dat.; (FIG.) "stick" haftjan, wv. 1. ("to" = dat.); "sticking to what is good" haftjandans godamma; "sticking/persisting at prayer" bidai haftjandans; "love, be fond of" frijon, wv. 2. +gen.
attack (n.)	(verbal) ana-qiss, sf.
attack (v.)	stigqan, sv. III.; (attack, beset, fall upon) dis-driusan, sv. II. +acc.; "fear beset him" agis disdraus ina; (ambush, come upon) bi-qiman, sv. IV. +acc.; (storm, seize/take by force) dis-sitan, sv. V.
attain	(reach, arrive at, get) ga-tilon, wv. 2. +acc., ga-sniwan bi/du, sv. V. (bi +acc., du +dat.).
attempt	sokjan, wv. 1. (+inf., thus: "sokidedun attekan imma", they sought to touch him).
attend (v.)	(serve) skalkinon, wv. 2. +dat., and-bahtjan, wv, I. +dat.; "attend to, observe" mundon, wv. 2. +acc., and-saihwan, at-saihwan, sv. III.
attention	*gauma, sf.; (curiosity) *fair-weit, sn.; (diligence, zeal) us-daudei, wf.; (silence, attention) #hliuth, sn. (gen. #hliuthis); "pay attention to" mundon, wv. 2. +acc.
attentive	(obedient) uf-hauseins, sf.; (mindful, consciencious) anda-thahts; (accurate, meticulous, attentive to detail, exact/correct) *glaggwus; (alert) wakrs, un-skaus.; (cautious, sly) *war; (cautious, reluctant, suspicious) *tuz-wers.
attentively	(accurately, meticulously, with attention to detail) glaggwuba, glaggwaba.
attitude	(understanding, perception, viewpoint) frathi, sn.
attract	at-thinsan, sv. III.
attraction	(lure, bait) •lothr, sn.; (spectacle) fair-weitl, sn.
augment	ana-aukan ana, sv. VII. +acc.
August	Agustus (Not attested as month, but as name of Roman emperor Augustus from which the month derives. Cf. Vulgar Lat. Agustus).
aurox	•wisands, %urus, sm.
authority	(abstract) waldufni, sn.; (authorities, the state) reiki, sn.; "in authority" in ufarassau; "to the authorities" thaim in ufarassau wisandam.
avail	botjan, wv. 1., dugan, pp. - daug, dugum, dauhta; ga-magan, pp. ga-mag, ga-magum, ga-mahta.
avarice	faihu-frikei, faihu-gairnei, wf.; (covetousness) bi-faiho, wf.
avaricious	faihu-gairns, *faihu-friks; (obscene greed) aglait-ga-stalds.
avenge	(avenge, punish) fra-weitan, sv, I. - "avenge me on my adversary" frweit mik ana andastathja meinamma; (avenge, vindicate) ga-wrikan, sv. V.
avenger	fra-weitands, m.
avert	(forbid, prevent) warjan, wv. 1.
avoid	bi-wandjan, wv. 1.; (refrain from) ga-haban sik af, wv. 3. +dat.; "both will avoid destruction, be preserved" bajothum gabairgada (impersonal +dat.).
await	beidan, sv. I. gen., us-beidan, sv. 1. (acc., or: ana +dat.); "he waits for a single command for each action" at allamma waurstwe ainaizos anabusnais beidith.
awake (adj.)	(wakeful, watchful, alert) wakrs, un-skaus; "to stay awake" wakan, thairh-wakan, sv. VI.
awake (v.)	(TRANS. awaken) us-wakjan, wv. 1.; (bring round, bring to one's senses) us-skaujan, wv. 1.; (INTR. become awake) ga-waknan, wv. 4.; (come to/round, regain consciousness) us-skaujan sik, wv. 1. "stay awake, keep watch" wakan, thairh-wakan, sv. VI.
aware	(knowing) kunnands; (alert) un-skaus; (alert, crafty) *war; (alert, wakeful, watchful) wakrs; (thoughtful, consciencious) anda-thahts; (aware of moral obligations, consciencious) *mith-wiss, •kuskeis; (sober, sensible) in-ahs; "be aware of what something is like, be familiar with, know, understand" *leisan, pp. - lais, *lisum, *lissa; "be aware of, understand" mith-witan, pp. - -wait, witum, wissa; "become aware of, perceive" gaumjan, wv. 1. (+dat.); "become aware of, find out, hear of" finthan, sv. III.; "become aware of, recognise, learn" ga-kunnan, wv. 3.; (learn, get, bring long) ga-niman, sv. IV.; "make aware of, make known" kannjan, ga-kannjan, kunthjan, wv. 1., ga-sweran, wv. 3., ga-swikunthjan, wv. 1., ga-teihan, sv. I.
awareness	(attention) *gauma, sf.; (viewpoint, understanding, attitude) frathi, sn.; (inner consciousness, mind) aha, wm.; (knowledge, familiarity) kunthi, sn.; (understanding, recognition) uf-kunthi, sn.; (factual knowledge) witubni, sn.; (judgement, opinion) doms, sm.
away	(being elsewhere) aljar; (to somewhere else, in another direction) aljath; "away from" af, fram +dat.; "far away" fairra ("from" +dat.); "from far away" fairrathro; (from home) af-haimeis; "to escape/get away" untha-thliuhan, sv. II.
awe (n.)	(amazement, dread) us-filmei, wf.; (fear) agis, sn. (gen. agisis); "be in awe of, revere, respect" aistan, ga-aistan, wv. 3.
awe (v.)	ogjan, in-agjan, thlahsjan, us-agjan, us-gaisjan, wv. 1.
awe-inspiring	(terrifying) *ogjands, *agjands, *thlahsjands, *us-gaisjands.
awesome	(miraculous, amazing) silda-leiks; (splendid) wulthags.
awestruck	(TERRIFIED) faurhts, *agands, *us-agiths; "to be awestuck, terrified" ogan, ogan sis, pp. - og, ogum, ohta; (AMAZED) us-films; "to be amazed" (marvel) silda-leikjan, wv. 1.; (be STUNNED, astonished, shaken) af-slauthnan, wv. 4., us-geisnan, wv. 4., bi-abrjan, wv. 1.
awl	•ela, sf., •alisna, sf.
awry	"to go awry" fra-rinnan, sv. III.
axe	aqizi, sf.
axis	%ahsa, sf.
axle	%ahsa, sf.
babble (n.)	(nonsense, empty words) lausa-waurdei, wf.; (foolish talk) dwala-waurdei, wf.; (too much talk) filu-waurdei, wf.
babble (v.)	(talk a lot) filu-waurdjan, wv. 1.; (act/speak as if mad) dwalmon, wv. 2.
babbling (n.)	(too much talk) filu-waurdei, wf.; (nonsense, empty words) lausa-waurdei, wf.; (foolish talk) dwala-waurdei, wf.
baby(boy)	(child, son) baur, sm. (i-stem).
back	(ADV. back) ibuks (adj.) - "THEY WENT BACK" galithun ibukai; "let him not TURN BACK" ni gawandjai sik ibukana; (ADV. again, back) aftra (adv.); LIT.: "GO BACK, GIVE BACK, (re)turn" + FIG.: "repent/reform oneself, go back to some practise or habit, cause to turn/repent" ga-wandjan, wv. 1.; "HOLD BACK, refrain" ga-haban sik, wv. 3. - "from" af +dat.; "TAKE BACK" aftra niman; "go back" aftra galeithan; "CALL/SHOUT BACK" aftra hropjan, wv. 1.; "he didn't ANSWER BACK to anything he said" ni andhof im withra ainhun waurde.
backbiting	(gossip, talk) bi-rodeins, sf.
backwards (adv.)	afta, aftra.
bad (adj.)	(bad, evil, unwell) ubils; (ill) siuks; "feel ill" ubil/ubilaba haban, wv. 3.; (unpleasant, repulsive) anda-sets (i-stem); (terrible, bitter, sour) •aifrs; (bitter) baitrs; (sharp, severe) *hwass; (malicious) •bauseis; (wicked, unkind) un-sels; (cruel, barbaric) un-mana-riggws; (perverse, unjust) in-winds; (evil-doing) ubil-tojis; (guilty, reprehensible) *fairina, w.adj., *ga-fairinoths, *wahs; (disgraceful) agls; (shameful) *aiwisks; (notorious) ga-tarhiths; (tarnished, stained) ga-wamms; (corrupt, biased, given to favouritism) *wilja-halths; (corrupt, sinful) fra-waurhts; (wrong, unjust) *un-raihts; (harmful, unjust) skathuls; "make bad, corrupt, spoil" fra-wairthan, sv. III, fra-wardjan, wv. 1.; "be bad/wrong, inadmissable" ni skuld wisan, irreg.; "it is bad/wrong to" ni skuld ist (+inf.).
bad (n.)	(harm, injury) skathis, sn.; (wrong-doing) fra-waurhts, missa-deths, sf. (gen. missa-dedais); (perversity) in-winditha, sf.; (injustice, wrongness) *un-raihtei, wf.; (evil) un-thiuth, sn.; thata ubil, sn., thata ubilo, wn.; (wickedness) un-selei, wf.
badger (n.)	•thahsus, sm.
badly	ubilaba; "treat badly" aiwiskon, ga-aiwiskon, wv. 2.; "speak badly of" ubil-waurdjan, wv. 1.; "go badly, go awry" fra-rinnan, sv. III.
bag (leather)	balgs, sm. (i-stem).
bail (n.)	"a bailing out, paying of ransom" us-luneins, sf.
bail (v.)	"bail out" (TRANS. pay fine/ransom for, redeem) *us-lunjan, wv. 1.; (INTR. evacuate, jump ship to evade wreck) us-farthon gataujan us skipa.
bait (n.)	(lure, carrion) •lothr, sn.
bait (v.)	(wind up, provoke) gramjan, in-gramjan, wv. 1.
ball	(lump of something, round mass) *kruppa, sf.
balsam	balsan, sn.
(of people)	hansa, sf.; (of soldiers) •skara, sf., *drauhts, sf.; (cord, line, string) •rigilo, wf.; (bond) bandi, sf.
bandage	faskja, wm.
bandit	wilwa, wm.
bank (n.)	(shore, landing-place) staths, sm. (gen. stathis); "one the bank/shore" ana statha; (steep bank/slope, cliff) driuso, wf.
banker	skattja, wm.
banking	(usury, loaning money at interest) wokrs, sm.
banquet (n.)	dauhts, sf., ga-baur, sm.
banquet (v.)	(dine together, party, celebrate) bi-wisan, sv. V.
baptise	daupjan, uf-daupjan, wv. 1.
baptiser	daupjands, m.
baptism	daupeins, sf.
baptist	daupjands, m.
barbarian	(non-Roman/Greek) barbarus, sm.
barbaric	(fierce, cruel) un-mana-riggws.
bare (adj.)	•blauts, •bas (gen. bazis); (naked) naqaths (gen. naqadis).
bare (v.)	(lay bare, weaken, expose) •bazjan, wv. 1.
barely	(hardly, scarcely) *halis; "barely/hardly ever" halis-aiw.
bareness	(nakedness) naqadei, wf.
bargain	(trade) *kaup, sn.
bark (v.)	(r)gaujan, wv. 1.
barley (adj.)	barizeins.
barley	*baris, sn. (gen. *barizis), •finjam sf.
barn	bansts, sm. (acc. pl. banstins).
barrel	(as measure) •fullja, wm.
barrelful	•fullja, wm.
barren	(lacking fruit) akrana-laus; (deserted, waste, sterile) auths (?i-stem, gen. authis); (of ground) •galtheis; (childless) un-barnahs; "barren woman" stairo, wf.
barrister	(lawyer, law-expert) witoda-fasteis, sm.
base	stoma, wm., *grundus, sm.; (of wall) grundu-waddjus, sm. & sf.
basin	(kettle, cauldron, basin) %hwair, sm. (gen. %hwairis).
basis	(Also fig. 'self-assurance') stoma, wm.
basket	(wicker) tainjo, wf.; (large) spyreida, wm.; (wicker/mesh basket, net) snorjo, wf.; •sahrja, wm.
bat (n.)	(the flying mammal) •mustriggs, sm.; (staff, stick) hrugga, sf., wandus, sm., triu, sn., •stika, wm.
bathe	thwahan, sv. VI.; (bathe, baptise) daupjan, wv. 1.
bathing/washing	thwahl, sn.; (baptism) daupeins, sf.
battle (n.)	(armed confrontation in war) #badwa, #gunthi, #hathus, #hildi sf.; (war) wigan, ?sn. (?sm. wigans), *weig, sn.; (strife, fighting, violence) haifsts, sf.; (struggle, strife) brakja, sf., sakjo, waihjo, wf.; (dispute, fight, prize-fight) jiuka, sf.; (the slain, slaughter) #wals, sn.
battle (v.)	haifstjan, wv. 1., weihan, sv. I.; (break, fight, quarrel) brikan, sv. IV.; (struggle, contend/quarrel with) jiukan, wv. 3.; (quarrel, argue) sakan, ga-sakan, sv. VI. - "with" +dat.
be	wisan, irreg.
beaker	(cup, glass) stikls, sm.; "a cup of cold water" stikls kaldis watins.
beam	(of wood) *ans, sm., (dat.sg. anza), #rafts, sm., •sparra, wm.
bear (n.)	*baira, wm., *bairo, wf.; "bear cub" #huns, sm.
bear (v.)	(carry) bairan, sv. IV.; (bear as child) ga-bairan, sv. IV. - "will bear you a son" gabairid sunu thus; "carry through" (lit.) thairh-bairan, sv. IV.; (endure, experience) ga-beidan, wv. 1.; (cope with) fra-bairan, sv. IV.; "struggle through" thairh-arbaidjan, wv. 1.; (suffer, tolerate) thulan, ga-thulan, us-thulan, wv. 3.; (BIBLICAL ENGLISH) "bear up" (=physically lift/carry) uf-haban, wv. 3.; "to be displeased with, unable to bear, refuse" un-werjan, wv. 1.; "unable to bear it any longer" ju ni usthulandans thanamais.
beard	bards, sm.
bearer	•bairils, sm.; (porter, door-keeper) daura-wards, sm., daura-wardo, wf.; "cup-bearer" #skankja, wm.
beast	un-biari, sn.; (wild animal) dius, sn. (gen. diuzis).
beat	bliggwan, (severely) us-bliggwan, sv. III.; (beat, strike) •biutan, sv. II.; (hit) slahan, sv. VI.; (slap) kaupatjan, wv. 1. - kaupasta, kaupatiths; "beat upon, crash against" waltjan, wv. 1.; "slam/crash" bi-stigqan, sv. III. - "against" bi +dat.; (defeat, abolish, deprive of power) blauthjan, wv. 1.
beaten	(powerless, defeated) *blauthiths.
beautiful	skauns (i-stem).
beauty	*skaunei, wf.
because	unte, du thamma ei, duthe ei, in thiz-ei; (for, as, since, you see) auk, allis, raihtis (These are typically placed after the first word of the sentence, with 'auk' taking precidence over the others if they are used with other meanings); (SEEING AS, since, given that) thande; "BECAUSE OF" in gen. - "because of that/this/which" in this, duthe, duth-the; "not because..." ana thammei ni; ni the-ei.
beck	(stream) rinno, wf.
become	wairthan, sv. III., du-ginnan wairthan, (Both sv. III.); "that sorrow of yours will become/turn into joy" so saurga izwara du fahedai wairthith.
becoming (adj.)	(fitting, suitable) ga-dofs (i-stem, gen. ga-dobis); "it is fitting" ga-qimith.
bed	badi, sn.; (bed, couch) ligrs, sm.
beech	boka, sf. (Attested meaning 'letter', but also means beech in other Germanic languages, cf. Russian buk 'beech', bukva 'letter', maybe from Gothic); •boka-bagms, sm.
befall	ga-daban, sv. VI.
befit	(suit) ga-timan, sv. IV. +dat.; (come together, be fitting) ga-qiman, sv. IV.
before	(CJ. temporal) faurthiz-ei (+subjunctive); (ADV. temporal) faurthis, faura; (PREP. for, in front of, before/ago, along, regarding) faur +acc.; (PREP. before, in front of) faura +dat.; "the day before the sabbath" faura-sabbato, indec.; (earlier) airis; "in the presence of" in andwairthja (+gen.); (ADJ.) (former, first) fruma; (previous, last) fairna; "go before, preceed" faur-rinnan, sv. III., faur-sniwan, sv. V.; "we will not go before those who fall asleep" ni bisnewum faur thans anaslepandans; (precede, overtake) faur-bi-gaggan, sv. VII. - faur-iddja, faur-gaggans.
beforehand (adv.)	faurthis; "to tell beforehand, foretell" faura-ga-teihan, sv. I.
befoul	bi-sauljan, wv. 1.; (sully oneself, become sullied) bi-saulnan, wv. 4.
befuddle	(bewitch, confuse) af-hugjan, wv. 1.; (deceive, fool) •dwaligon, wv. 2.
beg	(e.g. as a beggar) aihtron, wv. 2.; (ask, pray) bidjan, sv. V. (acc. of person asked, gen. of thing asked for); "beg s-one to" bidjan hwana ei (+subjunctive); (implore) us-daudo bidjan, sv. V., bidai ana-haitan, sv, VII.; (implore, adjure) bi-swaran, sv. VI.
beget	(conceive, procreate, plant, form) us-satjan, wv. 1.; "beget children" barna ussatjan; (conceive) ga-niman in kilthein, sv. IV., in-kiltho wairthan, sv. III.
begetting	(procreation, planting) us-sateins, sf.
beggar	bidagwa, wm.; (pauper, beggar) tharba, wm.
begin	ana-stodjan, du-stodjan, wv. 1, du-ginnan, sv. III.; "you shall sorrow/begin to be sorrowful" jus saurgandans wairthith; "to begin with, at first" frumist.
beginning	frums, sm., frumisti, sn., ana-stodeins, sf.; "from the beginning" fram frumistja, us frumistja; "from the first" fram frumistin; "in the beginning, first" frumist.
beguile	(deceive) us-luton, wv. 2.; (mislead) airzjan, af-airzjan, wv. 1.; (bewitch, bewilder) af-hugjan, wv. 1.; (entertain, amuse) uf-hlohjan, wv. 1.
begotten	(formed, put together) us-satiths; (conceived) in kilthein ga-numans; "only begotten son" aina-baur, sm. (i-stem).
behalf	"on behalf of, for the sake of" fram +dat.
behave	us-mitan, sv. V.
behaved, well	uf-hausjands, gafaurs.
behaviour	us-met, sn.
behind	(BEING BEHIND) afta; "FROM BEHIND" aftana, aftaro, hindana gen.; "coming from behind she touched the hem of his garment" atgaggandei du aftaro attaitok skaut wastjos is; "go behind" hindar-leithan, sv. I.; (BEYOND, behind, over, among) hindar +acc. or +dat.; (beyond, yon side of, on that side of) hindana gen.; "LEAVE BEHIND" bi-leithan, sv. I.; bi-laibjan, wv. 1.; "STAY BEHIND, remain, be left over" bi-leiban, sv. I., af-lifnan, wv. 4.
behold (v.)	(look at) saihwan, ga-saihwan, in-saihwan, sv. V.; (perceive) gaumjan, wv. 1. +dat.; "behold!" sai, tharuh, thanuh.
behove	(suit, be suitable for) ga-timan, sv. IV. +dat.; (come together, be fitting) ga-qiman, sv. IV.
being	(creature) ga-skafts, sf.; (existence, nature) wists, sf.; (one's very being, soul, life) saiwala, sf.
belief	(belief, faith) ga-laubeins, sf.; (opinion) ragin, sn., doms, sm.; (surmise) ana-minds, sf.; "unanimity of belief" aina-munditha, sf.; "unanimous in belief" aina-munds.
believe	(have faith, believe, believe in) ga-laubjan, wv. 1. (dat. of person, acc. of thing); "believe in" galaubjan du +dat.; "believe that I am" galaubeith thatei ik im; (think/believe an idea) munan, pp. - man, munum, munda; (expect, suppose) ga-wenjan, wv. 1.; (imagine, suppose) ahjan, wv. 1.; (consider, regard) domjan, rahnjan, ga-rahnjan, wv. 1.; "believe to be superior" faura-rahnjan, wv. 1.
believer	dulga-haitja, wm.
bell	•skilla, sf.
belligerant	(contentious) sakuls.
belly	wamba, sf., suqn, sn., •buks, sm., •mauko, wf.
beloved	(loved, dear) walisa, w.adj., liufs (gen. liubis), •druths (gen. •drudis); "dear to" liufs +dat.; "beloved person, sweetheart" *hultha, wm., *hultho, wf.
below (adv.)	dalatha; "from below" dalathro.
belt	gairda, sf.
belt, to put on a	bi-gairdon, wv. 2.
bemoan	gaunon, •wainon, wv. 2., •wainjan, wv. 1.
beneath	(DIRECTION) uf +acc.; (POSITION) uf +dat., undar +dat.; "which is beneath" undaro +dat. - "the dust beneath your feet" mulda tho undaro fotum izwaraim.
bench	•bagks, ?sm. (i-stem) (cf. ON bekkr, m.; OE benc, f., NHG Bank, f.; MnE bank, banquet < It banco, m.).
bend (v.)	biugan, ga-biugan, sv. II.; "bend/bow down, lower oneself" hneiwan, sv, I.
benediction	thiuthi-qiss, waila-qiss, sf.
benefit (n.)	waila-deths, sf. (gen. waila-dedais); (use, worth, profit) #bata, wm.
benefit (v.)	(derive benefit) ga-batnan, wv. 4.; (be of benefit) botjan, wv. 1., dugan, pp. - daug, dugum, dauhta.
bent	wraiqs.
berate	ana-haitan, wv. VII. +dat.
berry	basi, sn.
beseech	bidjan, bidjan us-daudo, sv. V. (acc. of person asked, gen. of thing desired), bi-swaran, sv. VI.
beseem	(beseem, happen) ga-daban, sv. VI.
beset	(oppress as troubles) ana-praggan, sv. VII.; (burden, oppress) kaurjan, wv. 1.; (burden, weigh down with) af-hlathan, sv. VI.; (torment) balwjan, wv. 1. +dat.; (surround, besiege) bi-satjan, wv. 1.; (attack, beset, fall upon) dis-driusan, sv. II.
beside	(near: adj.) nehwa +dat.; "beside the sea" withra marein, faur marein; "beside the path/road, by the wayside" faur wig; (near: adv.) nehw; (neighbouring, surrounding) bi-sitands, bi-sunjane; "be beside, around" bi-sitan, sv. V.; "on one's left/right side" af hleidumein/taihswon ferai; (FIG.) "be beside oneself" (with amazement) af-slauthnan, wv. 4., us-geisnan, wv. 4., (with fear/anger) agisa/moda dis-habaiths wisan, irreg.; (angry) modags, thwairhs, •grams, •grimms; Mk 16:8 "they were beside themselves with trembling and amazement" diz-uh-than-sat ijos reiro jah us-filmei (=dis-sitan, sv. V).
besides	(and, also) jah; "X and Y and Z besides / and even Z" ...jah...jah...nauhuth-than...
besiege	(surround) bi-satjan, wv. 1.; (attack, storm, seize by force - also seize figuratively of emotion/fear, etc.) dis-sitan, sv. V.
besmirch	bi-sauljan, wv. 1.
best	batists; (greatest, foremost, best/worst) frumists; (select, choice) ga-waliths; "six choice sheep, six of the best sheep" lamba ga-walida saihs; "go and keep watch as best you can / as best you know how" gaggith witaiduh swaswe kunnuth.
bestow	fra-giban, sv. V.
Bethlehem	Bethlaihaim (gen. Bethlaihaimis, dat. bethlaihaim).
betoken	(signify, indicate) taiknjan, us-taiknjan, bandwjan, wv. 1.
betray	(act treacherously towards) lewjan, fra-lewjan, ga-lewjan, wv. 1.; (reveal, give away) bandwjan, wv. 1. - "your accent betrays you" razda theina bandweith thuk.
betrothal	fra-gifts, sf.
betrothe	(betrothe) ga-wadjon, wv. 2.; "espoused to a man" in fragiftim abin.
better	(adv.) *bats/*batis, batizo, *ius; (adj.) batiza; "it is better for you" batizo ist thus; (superior) iusiza; (of more worth) mais wulthriza; (rate as better than) rahnjan faura +dat.; "be better" *bats/*batis haban, wv. 3.; "get better" ga-hailnan, wv. 4., ga-nisan, sv. V., waila wairthith (impersonal +dat.) - "they will get better" waila wairthith im.
betterment	(improvement, relief) iusila, sf.
between	(amongst, from one to another) mith +dat.; "between/amongst one's selves" mith sis misso; (in between) in midumai, ana midumai, gen.; "lying between the two" ana midumai twaddje ligands; "we've no more than five loaves between us" nist hindar uns maizo fimf hlaibam.
bewail	*flokan, sv. VII., gaunon, •wainon, wv. 2., •wainjan, wv. 1.
beware	at-saihwan faura +dat., sv. III., •waron, wv. 2.
bewilder	(befuddle, bewitch) af-hugjan, wv. 1.; (fool) •dwaligon, wv. 2.
bewitch	(befuddle) af-hugjan, wv. 1.
beyond	(POSITION: beyond, over, behind, among) hindar +acc. or +dat.; (adv.: beyond) ufar-jaina; (yon side of, over on the other side of, being behind, from behind) hindana gen.; (figurative: beyond, over, apart from) ufar +acc.; (DIRECTION: beyond, over) ufar +acc.; "[going] beyond" *ufar-jaind, *ufar-jaindre; "go beyond, surpass" ufar-theihan, sv. I.; "be superior/above/beyond" ufar-wisan, irreg.; "GO BEYOND WHAT IS RIGHT, overstep the mark, transgress, disobay [a command]" ufar-gaggan, sv. VII. - ufar-iddja, ufar-gaggans.
bias	(favouritism) wilja-halthei, wf.
biased	*wilja-halths.
binary (adj.)	*twi-teweis.
binary (n.)	*twi-tewa, sf.
bid (v.)	(ask) ana-biudan, sv. II. +dat., biudan, sv. II.; "to" ei (+subjunctive); "bid farewell L9,61, greet L8,19" and-qithan, sv. V. +dat.
bier	(bier, coffin) hwilftrjos, sf.pl.
big	mikils.
bill (of divorce)	af-stassais bokos, bokos af-sateinais, sf. pl.
bind (v.)	bindan, bi-bindan, ga-bindan, sv. III.; (with ropes, lower on ropes) in-sailjan, wv. 1.; (bind, join, connect) ga-widan, sv. V.
birch	•bairka, sf., •bairka-bagms, sm.
birch-twig	%bairkan, sn.
bird	fugls, sm.
birth	(birth, place of birth, native land) ga-baurths, sf.; "from birth" us ga-baurthai; "blind from birth, born blind" blinds ga-baurans.
birthday	mel ga-baurthais, sn.
birthplace	ga-baurths, sf.
bishop	aipiskaupus, sm.
bison	•wisands, %urus, sm.
bit (n.)	(PART, SHARE) dails, sf.; (SHARE) hlauts, sm.; (FRAGMENT) ga-bruka, sf.; (SPLINTER, bit of wood) gramst, ?sn.; "a bit, SOMEWHAT, rather" hwa; "a bit, PARTLY, partially" suman, bi sumata, us dailai; "A LITTLE BIT OF" leitil +gen.; "A BIT FUTHER" framis leitil (=Gk. oligon); "a little bit of, not much of" *faus (pl. fawai = "few"); "FOR A BIT, for a while" du hweilai; "I hope to stay with you for a bit/while" wenja mik hwo hweilo saljan at izwis; "for a [little] bit, for a short time" du leitilamma mela, du leitilai hweilai; "after a bit, after a short time" afar ni filu, afar leitil; "FOR QUITE A BIT, for a long time" laggai hweilai, mela lagga; "NOT A BIT, not in the least" ni waihts, ni...waihts, ni waihtai, ni in waihtai, ni und waiht, ni the haldis, ni allis; "they did not undertand a bit if it" eis ni waihtai this frothun.
bite (v.)	beitan, sv. I.
bitter	baitrs; (bitter against) baitrs withra +acc.
bitterness	baitrei, wf.
black	swarts; "black man, Moor, African" #Maura; "black ink" swartis, swartizl, sn.
blacken	*swartjan, wv. 1.; "blacken reputation, slander" ubil-waurdjan, wv. 1.
blacker	swartiza.
blackmail	(extort, defraud) af-holon, wv. 2.
blade	(of leaf/tool/weapon) •blath, sn. (gen. •bladis); (sword) *mekeis, hairus, #brands, sm.; (of grass) gras, sn. (gen. grasis).
blame (n.)	fairina, sf., id-weit, sn.
blame (v.)	id-weitjan, wv. 1. +dat.; (blame, reproach, threaten, accuse) and-beitan, sv. I. +acc.; (find fault with) faian, wv. 3.
blameless	un-wahs, un-aiwisks, us-fairina (w.adj.), un-ga-fairinoths; (blameless of motive, pure-hearted) hrainja-hairts; (pure, innocent) hrains (i-stem), hlutrs, swikns.
blameworthy	*wahs.
bland	(bland to taste; deaf & dumb) bauths (gen. baudis).
blare (n.)	"blare of trumpet" *thuts, sm. (i-stem).
blare (v.)	(blare out, screech, sound like trumpet) *thiutan, sv. II.
blaspheme	waja-merjan, wv. 1.
blasphemous	ga-stojans.
blasphemy	ana-qiss, naiteins, waja-mereins, sf.
blast (n.)	(crashing noise) *hlamms, sm. (i-stem); "trumpet blast" *thuts, sm. (i-stem).
bleach (v.)	(whiten) hweitjan, wv. 1.
bleeding (n.)	runs blothis (runs = 'issue, course, flow, rush', sm. (i-stem, gen. runsis)).
blemish (spot)	wamm, sn.
blemish (v.)	(sully, befoul) bi-sauljan, wv. 1.; (become blemished/sullied) bi-saulnan, wv. 4.
blemished	wamms, ga-wamms, bi-sauliths.
bless	(bless, praise, do good) thiuthjan, wv. 1., ga-thiuthjan, wv. 1.
blessed	(fortunate) audags, auda-hafts; (holy) thiutheigs; "to consider blessed/fortunate" audagjan, wv. 1.
blessedness	(fortune) audagei, wf., *auja, sf.; (goodness) thiuth, sn.
blessing (n.)	thiuthi-qiss, waila-qiss, sf.; (good fortune, wellness) *awi, sn.; (grace, favour) ansts, sf.
blind (adj.)	blinds; "blind man" blinda, wm.; "half-blind, one-eyed" haihs; "become blind" af-blindnan, wv. 4.
blind (v.)	ga-blindjan, wv. 1.
blinded, to be	af-blindnan, ga-blindnan, wv. 4.
blink (n.)	(flash, blink) brahw, sn.; "in the blink of an eye" in brahwa augins.
blink (v.)	(blink, flash, twinkle) *braihwan, sv. III.
bliss	(happiness, cheer) hlasei, wf.; (joy) faheths, sf. (gen. fahedais); (rejoicing, exaltation) swegnitha, swignitha, sf.
blissful	(happy) hlas (gen. hlasis), wunands, #fraus (gen. #frawis), *gails, #glaths (gen. gladis); (fortunate, happy, blessed) audags, auda-hafts.
blister (n.)	(bubble, blister) •bauljo, wf.; (boil, swelling) %kusma, wm.
blithe	(happy) hlas (gen. hlasis), wunands, #fraus (gen. #frawis), *gails, #glaths (gen. gladis); (careless, reckless, casual) *leiht-moths (gen. *leiht-modis); (unconcerned, negligent) un-karja, w.adj.; (lazy, careless) lats.
block (v.)	(dam, block up) faur-dammjan, wv. 1.; (forbid, prevent) warjan, wv. 1.; (thwart, restrict) ga-aggwjan, wv. 1.; (impede) ana-latjan, wv. 1.; (obstruct, irritate) marzjan, wv. 1.
block (n.)	(of stone) hallus, sm.
blond	•blunds.
blood	bloth, sn. (gen. blothis); "flow of blood" runs blothis (runs = 'issue, course, flow, rush', sm. (i-stem, gen. runsis)).
blow (n.)	(hit) slahs, sm. (i-stem)., (wound, blow) banja, sf.; (slap) slahs lofin.
blow (v.)	(of wind) waian, sv. VII. - waiwo, waians; (blow/puff) *blesan, sv. VII. - *blaibles, *blesans; "blow/puff up, exaggerate" uf-blesan, sv. VII.
blue	•blews.
blush	*ga-riudan, wv. 2.
boar	•bairs, sm., #ibrs, sm.
board	*baurd, •brith, sn., thiljo, wf.
boast (n.)	(boast, fame) hwoftuli, sf.
boast (v.)	(boast, pride oneself) hwopan, sv. VII. - hwaihwop, hwopans; "about" dat., in +dat., bi +dat.; (boast) *bi-haitan, sv. VII, *gainon, wv. 2., flautjan, wv. 1. - "boast about oneself" flautjan sik, wv. 1.
boaster	bi-haitja, wm.
boastful	flauts.
boat	skip, sn.; "go by boat' farjan, wv. 1.
body	leik, sn.; (womb, body) qithus, sm.
bodyguard	#gardiggs, sm. (The royal bodyguards of the Vandal kings were so called.)
bog	(marsh, lake) saiws, sm. (i-stem); (mire, muck) *sauljo, wf.; (mud) fani, sn.
boil (n.)	(a swelling/lump) %kusma, wm.
boil (v.)	(INTR.) wulan, sv. IV.; (TRANS.) •siuthan, •briuwan, sv. II.
bold	(brave) *balths, #koneis; (fearless) un-agands; (keen) #funs (gen. #funsis); "be bold, dare" ana-nanthjan, wv. 1.; "make bold, embolden" balthjan, wv. 1.
boldly	balthaba.
boldness	balthei, wf., *nanths, sm.
bolt down (food)	fra-itan, sv, V. (Past: fret, fretum, fritans).
bond	(FETTER) bandi, ga-binda, ga-bundi, kuna-wida, naudi-bandi, sf.; (of iron) eisarna-bandi, sf.; (on feet) ana fotum eisarna, eisarna bi fotuns gabugana; (CONNECTION, link, ligament, join) ga-wiss, sf.; (CONTRACT, warrenty, security, credit contract) kautsjo, wf.
bondage	(prison) karkara, sf. - "in bondage/prison" in karkarai; (slavery, servitude) thiadw, sn.; (servitude, service, worship) skalkinassus, sm.
bonfire	hauri, sn.; (pyre, funeral celabration) #strawa, sf.
book	bokos, sf. pl.
booty	(loot, clothing) •rauba, sf.
booze (n.)	(drink) •supa, wm.
booze (v.)	•supan, wv. 2.
border (n.)	marka, sf.; (edge) •randa, sf.; "neighbour across border" ga-marko, wf.
border (v.)	(border on one another) ga-markon, wv. 2.
bordering	(neighbouring) bi-sitands; (surrounding) bi-sunjane; "bordering on never" halis-aiw.
born	ga-baurans; "to be born" ga-baurans wairthan, sv. III.; "born blind" blinds ga-baurans; "born of the earth" airtha-kunds; "only-born son" aina-baur, sm. (i-stem).
borrow	leihwan sis, wv. 1. - "from" af +dat.
bosom	barms, sm. (i-stem); (breast) brusts, f. (Declined like baurgs); (innards, fig: 'heart') hairthra, sn.pl.
boss (n.)	(LORD) frauja, wm.; (RULER, MANAGER) *waldands, m.; (OF HOUSEHOLD) garda-waldands, sm., heiwa-frauja, wm.; (in compounds, MASTER) -faths, sm. (i-stem, gen. -fadis) - "boss of a hundred men, centurion" hunda-faths, thusundi-faths; "...of a thousand, chiliarch" thusundi-faths; "ruler of synagogue" synagoga-faths (i-stem, gen. -fadis); (RULER) reiks, fraujinonds, m., faura-mathleis, faur-stasseis, sm.; (GOVERNOR) kindins, sm.; (COUNCELLOR, GOVERNOR) ragineis, sm.; (KING) thiudans, (EMPEROR) kaisar, sm.
both	bai, bajoths (acc. bans, dat. baim, nom. acc. neut. ba), ain-hwatharuh.
bother (v.)	(TRANS. irritate, weary) us-agljan, wv. 1.; (make trouble for, threaten) us-thriutan, sv. II. +dat.; (bother, force s-one to go out of their way) draibjan, wv. 1.; (trouble, frustrate) ga-aggwjan, wv. 1.; (torment) balwjan, wv. 1. +dat.; (disturb, upset) drobjan, wv. 1.; (INTR. be bothered) ga-drobnan, wv. 4.; (worry, be anxious) maurnan, wv. 3., and-sitan; (be sad, troubled) saurgan, wv. 3.; (be concerned) karon, wv. 2., sik kara wisan, irreg. +gen. of thing that bothers - "aren't you bothered by the fact that we're going to die?" niu kara ist thuk thizei fraqistnam?; "don't let that bother you, never mind" ni karos (2.sg.).
bottle	•flasko, wf.; (wine-skin) balgs, sm. (i-stem).
bottom	(base) *grundus, sm.; (basis, foundation, essence, sense of confidence) stoma, wm.; "to the bottom" und dalath.
bottomless	(chasm, etc.) *af-grundus.
bough	asts, sm.
boulder	hallus, sm.
bouncer	daura-wards, sm.
bound (adj.)	(bound physically/figuratively, attached, joined, captive, married) hafts; (tied, attached) ga-widans; (tied) bundans; (tied with rope) in-sailiths.
boundary	marka, sf.
bounds	(constraint) ga-aggwei, wf.; "the bounds of the law" witodis ga-aggwei.
bountifully	(generously) us thiutheinai.
bounty	(generosity) thiutheins, sf.
bow (n.)	•buga, wm. (Crim. boga).
bow (v.)	"bow down" hneiwan, ana-hneiwan, sv, I.
bowels	(innards, fig: 'heart') hairthra, sn.pl.
bower	(shelter, shade, covered walkway, booth, hut) •laubjo, wf. (cf. MnE lobby, NHG Laube, It loggia, Late L laubia/lobium).
bowl	•hnapps, sm.; (cauldron, basin) %hwair, sm. (gen. %hwairis).
box (n.)	arka, sf.
box (v.)	(slap) kaupatjan, wv. 1. - - kaupasta, kaupatiths; (break, quarrel, fight, take part in competion-fight) brikan, sv. IV.; (fight, squabble, box/wrestle) jiukan, wv. 3.
boy	magus, sm., magula, wm.; (child) barn, sn. barnilo, wn.; (son, child, baby) baur, sm. (i-stem); (youth) jugga-lauths, sm. (i-stem, gen. -laudis).
boyfriend	*hultha, wm.
bradawl	•alisna, sf.
brag (v.)	hwopan, sv. VII. "about" dat., in +dat., bi +dat.; *bi-haitan, sv. VII, *gainon, wv. 2., flautjan, wv. 1. - "brag about oneself" flautjan sik, wv. 1.
braggart	bi-haitja, wm.
bragging (adj.)	flauts.
braid (n.)	flahto, wf. (cf. ON flétta).
braid (v.)	flaihtan, us-windan, sv. III.
braided	(hair) in flahtom.
bran	•kruska, sf.
branch	asts, sm., tains, sm.
branch	tains, sm.
brand (n.)	(sword) #brands, sm.
brand (v.)	(burn, sear) ga-tandjan, wv. 1.
brash	(foolhardy) un-tila-malsks.
brass	aiz, sn.
brave	(bold) *balths, #koneis; (fearless) un-agands; (keen) #funs (gen. #funsis); "dare, be brave" ana-nanthjan, wv. 1.; "make brave, embolden" balthjan, wv. 1.
bravely	balthaba.
bravery	balthei, wf.
brazen	(bold, brash) *us-balths; "to brazen out, be insolent" *us-balthjan, wv. 1.
brazenness	(insolence, bickering) us-balthei, wf.
bread	(loaf, bread) hlaifs, sm.; (loaves, bread) hlaibans, sm.pl.; (unleavened) azymus, sm.
breadth	braidei, wf.
break	(TRANS.) brikan, ga-brikan, sv. IV., •briutan, sv. II. (cf. ON brjóta, in Cleasby & Vigfusson's dictionary); (break asunder) dis-hniupan, sv. II.; (the law) ga-tairan, sv. IV.; "break the commandment" ana-busn ufar-gaggan, sv. VII. - -iddja, -gaggans; "break off (INTR.), become detached" us-bruknan, wv. 4.; "break/dig through" us-graban, sv. VI.; "give a break/rest/respite" ana-hweilan, wv. 3.
breakfast	undaurni-mats, (i-stem).
breast	brusts, f. (Declined like baurgs); (bosom) barms, sm. (i-stem).
breastplate	(armour) brunjo, wf.
breathe	anan, sv. VI.; (breathe out, expire) us-anan, sv. VI.
brethren	brothrahans, m. pl.
brew (v.)	(boil) *briuwan, sv. II.
bride	bruths, sf. (gen. ?*brudais).
bridegroom	bruth-faths, sm. (i-stem, gen. bruth-fadis).
bridle	•brigdil, sn.
brief	(short) *maurgus.
bright	bairhts, liuhadeins.
brightly	bairhtaba.
brightness	bairhtei, wf.; "openly" in bairhtein.
brimstone	swibls, sm.
bring	at-bairan, sv. IV, briggan, sv. III. (weak past: brahta, brahts, beside rare strong form 'brang'); (lead) at-tiuhan, ga-tiuhan, sv. II.; "bring that son of yours here" attiuh thana sunu theinana hidre; "bring forth" bairan, ga-bairan, sv. IV.; "bring to life" ana-qiujan, wv. 1.; "bring up, raise (child) aljan, fodjan, wv. 1.; "bring along" ga-niman, sv. IV.; "bring back" (turn, repent, reform oneself) ga-wandjan, wv. 1.
bristle	•brustilo, wf.
broach (v.)	"a question/debate was broached/mooted concerning purification" warth bi swiknein sokeins ga-wagida.
broad	braiths, (gen. braidis).
broken	"to be broken asunder, shattered" dis-hnupnan, wv. 4.
bronze	(brass, money, coin) aiz, sn.
brooch	(r)kingja, sf.
brook	rinno, wf.
broth	•bruth, sn.
brother	brothar, m.
brother(ly) (adj.)	brothru-
brotherly	*brothrahs.
brotherly-love	brothru-lubo, wf.
brought	brahta (pret. of briggan).
brown	(brown, bright/shiny) *bruns.
bruise	(crush, pulverise, bruise) ga-malwjan, wv. 1.; (chastise, slap in face) wlizjan, wv. 1.
brush (n.)	•baursti, •brusti, sn.
brush (v.)	(sweep) *baugjan, wv. 1., *sweipan, sv. I.; "sweep out" us-baugjan, wv. 1.; (wipe) swairban, bi-swairban, sv. III.; "brush off, wipe out, erase" af-swairban, sv. III.; (clean) hrainjan, ga-hrainjan, wv. 1. - "away" +gen.; (clean, wash) thwahan, bi-thwahan, sv. VI.; "wash off" af-thwahan, sv. VI.; (polish) •faurbjan, wv. 1.; (touch) tekan, sv. VII. +dat.
bubble (n.)	(blister) •bauljo, wf.
bubble (v.)	(boil, seethe, bubble over with enthusiasm) wulan, sv. IV.
buck (n.)	(he-goat) •bukks, sm.; (male) gumein, sn.
buckler	(small shield) •targo, wf.
bud (v.)	•brustjan, wv. 1., •bruton, wv. 2., keinan, sv. I. (weak past: keinoda).
buffalo	•wisands, %urus, sm.
buffet (v.)	(slap) kaupatjan, wv. 1. - kaupasta, kaupatiths.
bugler	haurnja, wm.
build	timrjan, ga-timrjan, wv. 1.; "build on" ana-timrjan, wv. 1.
builder	(carpenter, builder) timrja, wm.
building	(a building) ga-timrjo, wf.; (dwelling) bauains, sf.; (act of building/constructing) timreins, sf.
bullock	stiur, sm.
bully	(man of violence) slahals, sm.
bump (v.)	(bump, slam) stigqan, bi-stigqan, sv. III. - "against" bi +dat.; (hit/stub) ga-stagqjan, wv. 1. - "so you won't bump your foot on a single stone" ei hwan ni gastagqjais bi staina fotu theinana; "bumb into, find, meet" bi-gitan, sv.
bunch (n.)	(of people) hansa, sf.; (of people, things) hiuhma, sm.
bung (n.)	(bung, tap, stopper) •tappa, wm.; (stopper) •dups, sm.?
burden (n.)	kauritha, sf., kaurei, baurthei, wf.
burden (v.)	af-hlathan, sv. VI., ana-kaurjan, wv. 1.
burdened	(weighed down with) af-hlathans.
burial	ga-filh, us-filh, sn.
burn	(TRANS.) ga-brannjan; (set on fire) in-brannjan, tandjan, wv. 1.; (burn something up) in-tandjan, wv. 1.; (scald) •brojan, wv. 1.; (INTR.) brinnan, sv. III; (burn up, get scorched) uf-brinnan, sv. III.; (catch fire, burn, be burnt up) tundnan, wv. 4.; (burn inwardly) in-tundnan, wv. 4.
burnt-offering	ala-brunsts, sf, sauths, sm. (i-stem, gen. saudis).
burrow (n.)	(hole, cave) groba, sf.
burrow (v.)	•wrotjan, wv. 1.; •smiugan, sv. II.
burst (v.)	(INTR.) •bristan, wv. 3., dis-taurnan, wv. 4.; (disintegrate) dis-hnupnan, wv. 4.; "burst out" tarmjan, wv. 1.; (TRANS.) (smash) dis-hniupan, sv. II.
bury	(bury body, hide anything) filhan, ga-filhan, us-filhan, sv. III.; (bury corpse) ga-nawistron, wv. 2.; "bury together" mith-ga-nawistron, wv. 2.
bushel	(amount, measure) mela, wm., mitaths, f. (gen. pl. mitade).
business	(profiteering) ga-waurki, faihu-ga-waurki, sn.; (usury) wokrs, sm.; (exploitation) bi-faih, sn.
busybody	(one prying into others' affairs) fair-weitjanda, wm.; fair-weitjandei, wf.
but	akei; (after negative clauses) ak; (however) ath-than; (but, and, if) ith; "indeed...but" allis...ith/aththan; "on the one hand...but on the other" raihtis...ith/ath-than; (but for, except) alja; "some/many...but others" sumai(h)/managai...sumaih; "the one...but the other" anthar...antharuh-than; "but/and he said (with change of speaker in reported dialogue)" ith is qath, (more emphatic?) ith is qathuh.
butcher (n.)	skilja, wm.; "at the butchers', at the meat-market" at skiljam.
buy	bugjan, (buy, buy back, redeem) us-bugjan, wv. 1. - bauhta, bauhts (acc. of commodity, dat = "for") - "aren't two sparrows bought for a penny?" niu twai sparwans assarjau bugjanda; "that they might buy food for themselves" ei bugjaina sis matins; (redeem, pay ransom/fine) *us-lunjan, wv. 1.
by	(DONE BY) fram +dat.; (Spacial & temporal: PAST, NEAR, around, at, about) bi +acc.; (Abstract: in accordance with, according to) bi +dat.; "[going] by, according to the argument of Sabellius" bi Sabailliaus insahahtai; "by God, in God's name" bi guda; (by means of) bi +dat. - "by force" bi nauthai; (by means of, through, via) thairh +acc.; (BESIDE) "he sat by the wayside" sat faur wig; (PAST) "run on by, overtake and run ahead" bi-thragjan faur, wv. 1.; "rush on by" bi-sniwan, sv. V.
cadaver	naus, sm., (i-stem, gen. nawis).
Caesar	kaisar, sm.
cajole	ga-hwotjan, wv. 1.
cake	•koka, wm.
calculate	(work out, think through) thankjan, wv. 1.; (reckon, evaluate) rahnjan, wv. 1.
calf	(female) kalbo, wf.; (male) stiur, sm.
call (n.)	(shout, cry) drunjus, sm.; (calls, shouting, clamour) hrops, sm.; (invitation) *latha, sf.; lathons, sf.; (request) aihtrons, sf.; (prayer, request) bida, sf.; (complaint, plaint, demand) *aihtr, sn.; (entreaty) uf-bloteins, sf.; (intercession) liteins, sf.
call (v.)	(call/cry out) wopjan, at-wopjan, uf-wopjan, hropjan, uf-hropjan, wv. 1; (name) namnjan, wv. 1., haitan, sv. VII. (in passive: to be called, have the name of); "be called/named, be given the name" haitans wairthan, sv. III.; (nickname) ga-satjan namo, wv. 1.; (invite, call together) ga-haitan, sv. VII.; (invite) lathon, ga-lathon, wv. 2.; (call to) at-haitan, sv VII.; "call on" (call on, invoke) ana-haitan, sv. VII. +acc.; "I call on you in the name of God" biswara thuk bi guda; (ask, pray) bidjan, sv. V.; (say, tell, mention, declare to be) qithan, sv. V.
callous	(rash, haughty) un-tila-malsks; (deaf, stubborn, dull of taste/sensation) daufs (gen. daubis); (harsh) *hwass; (hard) hardus; (unconcerned, negligent) un-karja, w.adj.; (light, casual) leihts; "casually" leihtis; "treat lightly" leihtis brukjan, wv. 1. - bruhta, bruhts; "make callous/deaf/numb/stubborn" ga-daubjan, wv. 1.; "become callous/deaf/numb/stubborn" af-daubnan, wv. 4.
callousness	(heedlessness, stubbornness deafness, numbness, lack of sensation/flavour) daubei, wf., daubitha, sf.; (carelessness, reckless disregard) *leiht-modei, wf.
calm (adj.)	(peaceful, peaceable) ga-wairtheigs; (dignified, self-controlled) ana-wiljis.
calm (n.)	(tranquility) ana-qal, sn.; (peace) ga-wairthi, rimis, sn. (gen. rimisis); (calm at sea) wis, sn.
calm (v.)	(comfort, encourage, hug) ga-thlaihan, sv. VII. +dat.; (relax, assuage, soothe) •linthjan, wv. 1.; "calm down, become calm" *ana-qilan, sv. IV.; "become calm/silent" ana-silan, wv. 3.
calm(ness)	(at sea) wis, sn.; (of person, peacefulness, tranquility) rimis, sn. (gen. rimisis); (of person, quiet) ana-qal, sn.?; (self-possession, equanimity) ana-wiljei, wf.
camel	ulbandus, sm.
camp	bi-baurgeins, sf.
campaign	(military discipline/service/campaign) drauhti-witoth, sn. (gen. drauhti-witodis).
can (v.)	magan, pp. - mag, magum, mahta.; "could he be the Christ?" niu aufto sa wesi Xristus?; "go and keep watch as best you can / as best you know how" gaggith witaiduh swaswe kunnuth; (passive: CAN BE, ABLE TO BE) mahts +inf. (declined past part.) "how can a grown man to be born?" hwaiwa mahts ist manna altheis wisands gabairan?; THOUGH ONLY THE PASSIVE CONSTRUCTION IS ATTESTED, ANALOGY WITH skuld ist MIGHT IMPLY AN UNDECLINED NEUTER ACTIVE "can, able to, possible for one to" maht ist +inf +dat. for person able - or maybe this function was fulfilled adequately with the simple verb.
cancer	gunds, sm. or sf.
candle	lukarn, sn.
candle-stick	lukarna-statha, wm.
canker	gunds, sm. or sf.; "canker-mite" •siurjo, wf.
canny	(knowing) *kunnands, *witands; (alert) wakrs, un-skaus; (cautious, sly) *war.
cap (n.)	•mutjo, wf. (cf. MnE amice 'pilgrim's hood' [not priest's amice which is from L] < OFr aumuce < Sp almucio, Port murça; & cf. NHG mütze which according to Skeat might be original or < Late L < Sp).
capable	"be capable of" mahteigs wisan + inf.; (competent, capable) #frams.
capability	(power, deed exemplifying power such as a miracle) mahts, sf.; "according to one's capability" bi mahtai; "beyond one's capability" ufar maht (cf. 2Cor 8,3).
capsize	(TRANS.) waltjan, us-waltjan, wv. 1.; (INTR.) wiltan, sv. III.
captive	bandja, wm., fra-hunthans., sm. (ppt.)
capture	fra-hinthan, us-hinthan, sv. III.
care (n.)	(care, anxiety) kara, sf.; (sorrow) saurga, sf.; (caution, thrift) ga-thagki, sn.; (caution, slyness) warei, wf.; (safekeeping) ga-freideins, sf.; "take into one's care/cus