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| Key
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| *
| e.g. *ga-freidjan. Hypothetical.
Not attested, but implied by derivitives or different parts of speech based on
the same root (in this case, ga-freideins). | |
| % |
e.g. %kusma. Deduced from letter name in the Vienna-Salzburg codex.
| |
| # | e.g.
#gais. Not found in corpus, but appears in Latin or Greek sources contemporary
with the Goths. Mostly elements in personal names. Also: legal and military
terms, and loan words found in late Latin, etc. | |
| ® |
| |
| e.g.
®rannja. Found in runic inscription. | |
| |
| • | e.g.
•taska. Etymological reconstruction. Not recorded in contemporary
sources, but reconstructed on the basis of borrowings found later in other languages.
Crimean words are classed here too. | |
| | |
| ! | e.g. !groneis. Neologism:
compounds of attested Gothic words, or formed by analogy with other Germanic languages.
| |
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| < | e.g.
< Greek. "Borrowed from." | |
|
| |
| > | "becomes" | |
| acc. | This verb takes
an accusative direct object. Since most verbs do, "acc." only appears where confusion
might arise if, for example, another verb with similar meaning or root takes the
dative or genitive. | |
| adj. | adjective
| |
| adv. | adverb
| |
| cj. | conjunction
| |
| dat. | The
direct object of this verb should be in the dative. Also indicates case used after
a preposition. | |
| Du. | Modern
Dutch | |
| f. | feminine
consonant stems, or unassimilated loan-words | |
| fig. | figurative | |
| gen. | After verbs: the direct object is in
the genitive case. After prepositions: the following noun is in genitive. After
nouns, e.g. moths (gen. modis): shows genitive to illustrate any
consonant change. | |
| NHG | Modern
High German | |
| Goth. | Gothic
| |
| indecl. | indeclinable
| |
| inf. | infinitive
| |
| INTR. | intransitive
| |
| irreg. | irregular,
anomalous | |
| i-stem | Only
noted after masculine i-stems | |
| lit. | literal,
literally | |
| m. | masculine
consonant stems, or unassimilated loan-words | |
| MHG | Middle High German | |
| MDu. | Middle Dutch
| |
| MnE | Modern
English | |
| n. | noun
| |
| OE | Old
English | |
| OED | Oxford
English Dictionary | |
| OHG | Old
High German | |
| ON | Old
Icelandic | |
| OS | Old
Saxon | |
| o-self | one's
self | |
| part. | participle
| |
| pl. | plural
| |
| PN | personal
name | |
| pp. | preterite-present
verb. These verbs have what looks like a strong past tense used with a present
sense. E.g. thaurban - tharf, thaurbum, thaurfta;
"to need" - "I need", "we need", "I needed". | |
| prep. | preposition | |
| pret. | preterite | |
| Russ. | Russian | |
| sg. | singular | |
| sf. | strong feminine:
o-stem, jo-stem, i-stem, or u-stem. | |
| s-one | someone | |
| sm. | strong masculine: a-stem, ja-stem, wa-stem,
or u-stem, unless specifically marked as i-stem. | |
| sn. | strong neuter: a-stem, ja-stem, wa-stem,
or u-stem. | |
| s-thing | something
| |
| sv. II | strong
verb, second class. | |
| TRANS. | transitive
| |
| v. | verb
| |
| w.adj. | weak
adjective | |
| wf. | weak
feminine: n-stem | |
| wm. | weak
masculine: n-stem | |
| wn. | weak
neuter: n-stem | |
| wv.
2 | weak verb, second class | |
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